The penetration of cylindrical strikes through obstacles made of concrete and sandy ground

Underground explosion of a cylindrical charge near a buried wall

“…(1) depend on the type of soil and are obtained from dynamic compression tests [27,28]. In the current paper, the following functions have been chosen [16,29]:…”

“…Commonly rather simple models are used to represent the soil medium behavior, such as elastic [8,9] or elastic plastic with elastic volumetric deformation [10][11][12]. However, proper representation of the soil behavior should account for the bulk irreversible compaction [6,13,14] (including the stage of a full compaction [15] and, sometime, of full locking [16]), as well as elastic plastic behavior of the deviatoric parts depending on the soil pressure. An accompanied problem of much interest that is developed throughout this process is the cavity development and expansion around the explosive location [17] and its interaction with an obstacle in the case of an explosive that is placed in close proximity to the obstacle.…”

A Coupled Approach to Simulate the Explosion Response of a Buried Structure in a Soil-Rock Layered Medium

“…is a scalar parameter, which is positive at active loading, and is zero during unloading or elastic loading. The Lundborg model (Lundborg, 1968;Afanas'eva et al, 2002;Collins et al, 2002 and is used to describe the yield condition. The model allows describing the yield stress dependence on the hydrostatic pressure up to high pressures.…”

“…The model allows describing the yield stress dependence on the hydrostatic pressure up to high pressures. It provides flexibility in the equation of state formulation, and allows neglecting of the initial elastic branch in the equation of state (1), to enable a following continuous elastic plastic zone compaction that is followed by a non linear elastic behavior at pressures beyond the full compaction density ρ FC (Fig. 2).…”

“…Soil-lining interaction: shock and rarefaction waves Soil-lining interaction: Riemann problem and f −1 is the corresponding inverse function of the equation of state(1).For the rarefaction wave, the solution is obtained from Riemann's invariant continuity as follows:…”