The pendulum swings back to scoliosis screening: screening policies for early detection and treatment of idiopathic scoliosis - current concepts and recommendations

Grivas, Theodoros B; Hresko, M. Timothy; Price, Nigel; Kotwicki, Tomasz; Maruyama, Toru

doi:10.1186/1748-7161-8-16

Cited by 32 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…Proper interpretation of ATR is possible when the lateral bending in the frontal plane corresponds to a linear increase in the rotation of the vertebrae. In clinical practice, however, these parameters often poorly correlate, especially in young children (6-9 years) with scoliosis in the lumbar region [1,10,[13][14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Problems with diagnosing early stadia of scoliosis due to discrepancies between ATR and the Cobb angle

Kluszczyński

Wąsik

Ortenburger

2020

Preprint

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Background This research analysed discrepancies between the angle of trunk rotation (ATR) and the Cobb angle, in order to study if the commonly used 7° cut-off threshold for ATR helps diagnose scoliosis. In early stadia of scoliosis in children, ATR and the Cobb angle often disagree, increasing the risk of a false diagnosis: while the former does not suggest scoliosis, the latter does. Methods The study analysed ATR clinical parameters and the Cobb angle in the X-ray pictures of 117 (23 boys and 94 girls, aged 6–17 years) children who had not yet started treatment and whose X-ray pictures showed the Cobb angle of at least 10°, indicating idiopathic scoliosis. The degrees of lumbar lordosis and thoracic kyphosis were measured using the Saunders inclinometer, and back asymmetry was measured with Adam’s forward bend test using the Bunnell scoliometer. In the X-ray pictures, the curvature angle was plotted according to the Cobb method. The patients were stratified based on their age, and their ATRs and Cobb angles were compared. Results Although all the children had the Cobb angle over 10°, in 69 out of 117 (59%), ATR was below 7%. So, using the 7° cut-off threshold rule, scoliosis would not be diagnosed in those children. This shows that the two tests often disagree, suggesting that the 7° cut-off threshold or ATR is ineffective in diagnosing scoliosis. Conclusions To improve the method for diagnosing scoliosis based on ATR, consideration should be given to lowering the 7° ATR cut-off threshold.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Problems with diagnosing early stadia of scoliosis due to discrepancies between ATR and the Cobb angle

Kluszczyński

Wąsik

Ortenburger

2020

Preprint

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“…Patients' families frequently lament the delay in diagnosis by their family doctors and pediatricians. Screenings for scoliosis should take into account the patient's body shape and BMI; digital rasterstereography, which delivers a back surface model and a surface rotation curve estimating vertebral rotation derived from a topographical map of the patient's back, may be more useful than traditional forward bending tests, which can be unreliable in screening settings but are still recommended for identifying potential cases of scoliosis [29,30]. Rasterstereography is radiation free, contactless, and based on precise three-dimensional measurements and biomechanical modeling, allowing for measurements to be based on sensitive spinal landmarks, which can be assessed despite a patient's larger body habitus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Mass Index in Adolescent Spinal Deformity: Comparison of Scheuermann's Kyphosis, Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis, and Normal Controls

et al. 2015

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“…However, this is no longer true as evidence from the BrAIST study [24] established the effectiveness of bracing as early, non-operative care that can reduce the number of patients that progress to surgery [25] . With the results of the BrAIST multicenter Kuroki H. School Scoliosis Screening of the World 815 NIH trial, there is level I evidence to support the efficacy of brace treatment in AIS [22] .…”

Section: Position On Sssmentioning

confidence: 99%

School Scoliosis Screening - World Trends and the Problems Encountered in Japan

Kuroki

2017

International Journal of Orthopaedics

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School scoliosis screening (SSS) was initiated in the United States in the 1960s and adopted across the world thereafter. In Japan, SSS was implemented gradually in the 1980s after being enshrined into law in 1978. This editorial article summarizes the world trend of SSS through a comprehensive literature review. Future development of SSS is also described based on analysis of its current status and issues related to SSS in Japan.

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The pendulum swings back to scoliosis screening: screening policies for early detection and treatment of idiopathic scoliosis - current concepts and recommendations

Abstract: This editorial article initiates the school scoliosis screening thematic series of the Scoliosis journal. The various issues on screening policies are discussed; clinical and practical recommendations of setting up school screening programs are also described.

Cited by 32 publications

References 27 publications

Problems with diagnosing early stadia of scoliosis due to discrepancies between ATR and the Cobb angle

Problems with diagnosing early stadia of scoliosis due to discrepancies between ATR and the Cobb angle

Body Mass Index in Adolescent Spinal Deformity: Comparison of Scheuermann's Kyphosis, Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis, and Normal Controls

School Scoliosis Screening - World Trends and the Problems Encountered in Japan

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