The pelvic and perineal fasciae and their neural and vascular relationships

Abstract

This study was based upon a dissection of the pelvic fasciae and associated structures of one hundred and three adult pelves as well as those of three full term fetuses. The perineal fasciae and their neural and vascular relationships were studied in a n additional 55 specimens.The uterovaginal fascia, as stated by others, is a well-defined structure. One is usually able, on the basis of a fascial cleft, to distinguish readily between the fascial sheath of rectum proper and the deeper layer of subperitoneal fascia, called by some the presacral fascia. The latter is described, including the relationship of the pelvic autonomics thereto. The relationship of the vesical branches of the pelvic plexus and of the venous plexuses to the terminal ureter are also described.We were able to confirm the presence of a superficial and a deep perineal fascia; the latter forms the inferior boundary of the superficial perineal space proper, as described by others. The relationship of particular nerves (and vessels) to the fascial planes of the perineum follows a definite pattern even when variation from the normal is present.

Development of the human hypogastric nerve sheath with special reference to the topohistology between the nerve sheath and other prevertebral fascial structures

“…The ventral fascia was most likely to correspond to the pre-HGN fascia described by Kinugasa et al (2007), as well as to the mesorectal fascia noted by Neil et al (2005), whereas the dorsal fascia seemed to correspond to the presacral fascia (Kinugasa et al, 2007;Neil et al, 2005) or the endopelvic fascia, extending to the ventral side of the presacral vessels including the common iliac artery. According to dissections of full-term fetuses, Roberts et al (1964) described that the HGN is ''embedded'' in the presacral fascia. Although they did not study the fasciae histologically, it is likely that, during the present histological procedure, developing thin collagenous fibers were artificially fasciculated to provide two Figure 4A.…”

Morphologies of the interfaces between the levator ani muscle and pelvic viscera, with special reference to muscle insertion into the anorectum in elderly Japanese

“…We confirmed previous reports of the presence of connective tissue‐like smooth muscles associated with the LA insertion (Murakami et al ., 2002; Matsubara et al ., 2003). Although numerous investigations have been performed on the pelvic fasciae (Roberts et al ., 1964; Grabbe et al ., 1983; Smith, 1994; Fritch & Hötzinger, 1995; Vazzoler et al ., 2002; Diop et al ., 2003; Tamakawa et al ., 2003), immunohistochemical demonstrations of these connective tissue‐like smooth muscles are very limited.…”

Chinese Expert Consensus on Recommended Standardized Terminology for the Pelvic Membrane Anatomy

“…Lamina ligamenti umbilicalis lateralis [83], umbilical prevesical fascia [86], umbilicoprevesical fascia [87], vesicoumbilical stalk [2].…”