The pellicular monolith: pore-surface functionalization and surface-phase construction in macroporous polymeric materials

Plasmas are increasingly being used to functionalize the surface of polymers having complex shapes for biomedical applications such as tissue scaffolds and drug delivering micro-beads. The functionalization often requires affixation of amine (NH 2 ) or O-containing groups. In this paper, results are discussed from a two-dimensional computational investigation of the atmospheric pressure plasma functionalization of non-planar and porous surfaces of polypropylene with NH x and O-containing groups. For the former, the discharge is sustained in He/NH 3 /H 2 O mixtures in a dielectric barrier-corona configuration. Significant microscopic non-uniformities arise due to competing pathways for reactive gas phase radicals such as OH and NH 2 , and on the surface by the availability of OH to initiate amine attachment. The treatment of inside surfaces of porous polymer micro-beads placed on an electrode is particularly sensitive to view angles to the discharge and pore size, and is ultimately controlled by the relative rates of radical transport and surface reactions deep into the pores. The functionalization of micro-beads suspended in He/O 2 /H 2 O discharges is rapid with comparable treatment of the outer and interior surfaces, but varies with the location of the micro-bead in the discharge volume.

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“…(12) where the electron temperature T e is in eV. Between discharge pulses, neutral radical chemistry dominates the mechanism.…”

Section: Description Of the Model And Reaction Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The surface reactivity of the polymer can markedly change even when new chemical groups cover only a small fraction of the surface. The inert pore surfaces of macro-porous PE used in chromatographic columns were treated downstream of the ammonia discharge to make them reactive enough to bind colloidal particles [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repetitively pulsed atmospheric pressure discharge treatment of rough polymer surfaces: II. Treatment of micro-beads in He/NH₃/H₂O and He/O₂/H₂O mixtures

Bhoj

Kushner

2008

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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“…Antibodies are immobilized on hydrophobic polyethylene (PE) frits with a pore size of 40 μm 19. The inert pore surface of the PE monoliths has to be functionalized to introduce covalently immobilized amine functionalities on the whole pore surface 20. In contrast, the macroporous and hydrophilic polyepoxide monolithic support developed by Peskoller et al has hydroxyl as well as epoxy groups using poly(glycerol‐3‐glycidyl ether) as precursor 21.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of epoxy‐based macroporous monolithic columns for the fast and efficient immunofiltration of Staphylococcus aureus

Ott

Seidel

2011

J of Separation Science

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Macroporous epoxy-based monolithic columns were used for immunofiltration of bacteria. The prepared monolithic polymer support is hydrophilic and has large pore sizes of 21 μm without mesopores. A surface chemistry usually applied for immobilization of antibodies on glass slides is successfully transferred to monolithic columns. Step-by-step, the surface of the epoxy-based monolith is hydrolyzed, silanized, coated with poly(ethylene glycol diamine) and activated with the homobifunctional crosslinker di(N-succinimidyl)carbonate for immobilization of antibodies on the monolithic columns. The functionalization steps are characterized to ensure the coating of each monolayer. The prepared antibody-immobilized monolithic column is optimized for immunofiltration to enrich Staphylococcus aureus as an important food contaminant. Different kinds of geometries of monolithic columns, flow rates and elution buffers are tested with the goal to get high recoveries in the shortest enrichment time as possible. An effective capture of S. aureus was achieved at a flow rate of 7.0 mL/min with low backpressures of 20.1±5.4 mbar enabling a volumetric enrichment of 1000 within 145 min. The bacteria were quantified by flow cytometry using a double-labeling approach. After immunofiltration the sensitivity was significantly increased and a detection limit of the total system of 42 S. aureus/mL was reached.

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“…This drawback can be addressed by the elimination of diffusive pores, which restricts the mass transfer to a thin, retentive layer at the outer surface of the stationary phase, resulting in so-called micropellicular phases [71]. A monolithic column configuration lacking diffusive micro-and mesopores may be adequately described as a micropellicular monolith [72] and has been shown to enable the separation of analytes over a very broad size range with efficiences significantly better compared to those of columns packed with micropellicular granular stationary phases. Miniaturized chromatographic separation systems applying capillary columns of 10±500 lm inner diameter are frequently the method of choice for the separation and characterization of peptides, proteins and nucleid acid mixtures, because very often the amount of available sample material is limited.…”

Section: Properties Of Monolithic Poly(styrene-divinylbenzene)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(Styrene‐Divinylbenzene) Based Media for Liquid Chromatography

Huck

Bonn

2005

Chem Eng & Technol

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The latest developments and in particular important synthetic aspects for the preparation of modern poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) (PS-DVB) based liquid chromatography (LC) supports are reviewed. In this context, the chemistry of particular porous and nonporous, functionalized, monolithic, coated silica and more specialized mixed organic PS-DVB media is covered. Special consideration is given to modern approaches such as micro-(l)-HPLC and coating techniques and their most important applications. Synthetic particularities relevant to the corresponding applications are outlined.

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The pellicular monolith: pore-surface functionalization and surface-phase construction in macroporous polymeric materials

Cited by 14 publications

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Repetitively pulsed atmospheric pressure discharge treatment of rough polymer surfaces: II. Treatment of micro-beads in He/NH₃/H₂O and He/O₂/H₂O mixtures

Repetitively pulsed atmospheric pressure discharge treatment of rough polymer surfaces: II. Treatment of micro-beads in He/NH₃/H₂O and He/O₂/H₂O mixtures

Preparation of epoxy‐based macroporous monolithic columns for the fast and efficient immunofiltration of Staphylococcus aureus

Poly(Styrene‐Divinylbenzene) Based Media for Liquid Chromatography

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The pellicular monolith: pore-surface functionalization and surface-phase construction in macroporous polymeric materials

Cited by 14 publications

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Repetitively pulsed atmospheric pressure discharge treatment of rough polymer surfaces: II. Treatment of micro-beads in He/NH3/H2O and He/O2/H2O mixtures

Repetitively pulsed atmospheric pressure discharge treatment of rough polymer surfaces: II. Treatment of micro-beads in He/NH3/H2O and He/O2/H2O mixtures

Preparation of epoxy‐based macroporous monolithic columns for the fast and efficient immunofiltration of Staphylococcus aureus

Poly(Styrene‐Divinylbenzene) Based Media for Liquid Chromatography

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Repetitively pulsed atmospheric pressure discharge treatment of rough polymer surfaces: II. Treatment of micro-beads in He/NH₃/H₂O and He/O₂/H₂O mixtures

Repetitively pulsed atmospheric pressure discharge treatment of rough polymer surfaces: II. Treatment of micro-beads in He/NH₃/H₂O and He/O₂/H₂O mixtures