The Pediatric Choroidal and Ciliary Body Melanoma Study

Al-Jamal, Rana’a T.; Cassoux, Nathalie; Desjardins, Laurence; Damato, Bertil; Konstantinidis, Lazaros; Coupland, Sarah E.; Heimann, Heinrich; Petrović, Aleksandra; Zografos, Léonidas; Schalenbourg, Ann; Velazquez-Martin, Juan P.; Krema, Hatem; Bogdali, Anna; Markiewicz, Anna; Romanowska–Dixon, Bożena; Metz, Claudia H.D.; Biewald, Eva; Bornfeld, Norbert; Kıratlı, Hayyam; Bronkhorst, Inge H. G.; Jager, Martine J.; Marinković, Marina; Filì, Maria; Seregard, Stefan; Frenkel, Shahar; Pe’er, Jacob; Salvi, Sachin M.; Rospond-Kubiak, Iwona; Kocięcki, Jarosław; Kiilgaard, Jens Folke; Heegaard, Steffen; Cohen, Victoria M L; Sagoo, Mandeep S.; Amiryan, A.G.; Saakyan, S.V.; Eide, Nils; Krohn, Jørgen; Midena, Edoardo; Parrozzani, Raffaele; Grangé, J.D.; Kılıç, Emine; Blasi, Maria Antonietta; Saornil, María A.; Kivelä, Tero

doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.12.024

Cited by 52 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Most people who get a UM are between 50 and 70 years old, but this tumour occasionally develops in younger people [ 22 ]. Males have a slightly higher incidence of UM than females [ 23 ].…”

Section: Incidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Iris Colour and the Risk of Developing Uveal Melanoma

Houtzagers

Wierenga

Ruys

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Uveal melanoma (UM) is a global disease which especially occurs in elderly people. Its incidence varies widely between populations, with the highest incidence among Caucasians, and a South-to-North increase in Europe. As northern Europeans often have blond hair and light eyes, we wondered whether iris colour may be a predisposing factor for UM and if so, why. We compared the distribution of iris colour between Dutch UM patients and healthy Dutch controls, using data from the Rotterdam Study (RS), and reviewed the literature regarding iris colour. We describe molecular mechanisms that might explain the observed associations. When comparing a group of Dutch UM patients with controls, we observed that individuals from Caucasian ancestry with a green/hazel iris colour (Odds Ratio (OR) = 3.64, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 2.57–5.14) and individuals with a blue/grey iris colour (OR = 1.38, 95% CI 1.04–1.82) had a significantly higher crude risk of UM than those with brown eyes. According to the literature, this may be due to a difference in the function of pheomelanin (associated with a light iris colour) and eumelanin (associated with a brown iris colour). The combination of light-induced stress and aging may affect pheomelanin-carrying melanocytes in a different way than eumelanin-carrying melanocytes, increasing the risk of developing a malignancy.

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“…Most people who get a UM are between 50 and 70 years old, but this tumour occasionally develops in younger people [ 22 ]. Males have a slightly higher incidence of UM than females [ 23 ].…”

Section: Incidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Iris Colour and the Risk of Developing Uveal Melanoma

Houtzagers

Wierenga

Ruys

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…Interestingly, a study examining the prevalence of PUM among young children (ages 2.7–17.9) vs young adults (ages 18–24) found that the cumulative frequency of having a ciliary body or choroidal melanoma diagnosed substantially increases between the age of 11 and 17 from 0.8% per year of age to 8.8% per year of age. 14 In this study, 90% of PUM were diagnosed during adolescence. 14 This phenomenon further emphasizes the connection between pubescent changes and PUM occurrence.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

“… 14 In this study, 90% of PUM were diagnosed during adolescence. 14 This phenomenon further emphasizes the connection between pubescent changes and PUM occurrence. Interestingly, a similar transition was found to occur between the ages of 40 and 45 years.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Our series showed a slight gender difference with female predominance (55.6%), which was similar to findings in other reported studies, yet no statistical significance related to this variable has been reported. 7 , 9 , 14 , 16…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies looking at the overall proportion of uveal melanoma in eyes with ocular melanocytosis in the general population and among younger patients have shown similar results (approximately 3%). 14 , 24 However, congenital ocular melanocytosis has been associated with 5.6 times higher PUM-related mortality. 14 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Posterior uveal melanoma in adolescents and children: current perspectives

Fry

Augsburger

Hall

et al. 2018

OPTH

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Recognizing that <1% of all uveal melanomas occur in young persons, and that very few clinicians encounter more than a few such cases over an extended career, we felt that a retrospective review of literature and sharing of our clinical experience would be appropriate to remind readers about this age subgroup of patients with posterior uveal melanoma. This interest stems from the increase in reported cases of uveal melanoma in younger individuals and recent advances in the field.

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Clinical Features Differentiating Benign From Malignant Conjunctival Tumors in Children

et al. 2017

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IMPORTANCE Conjunctival tumors in children are usually benign and rarely malignant. OBJECTIVE To evaluate clinical features of conjunctival tumors in children by comparing benign tumors with their malignant counterparts. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This retrospective case series reviewed 806 cases of conjunctival tumor in children (aged <21 years) who were evaluated at a tertiary referral center between November 1, 1975, and July 1, 2015. This study included 262 children who were part of a published review. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Features of benign and malignant tumors were compared. Data were collected on patient demographics, tumor features, and specific diagnoses to determine findings related to each tumor. RESULTS Among the 806 patients with conjunctival tumor, the top 5 diagnoses included nevus (492 [61%]), benign reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (BRLH) (38 [5%]), nodular conjunctivitis (31 [4%]), dermoid (30 [4%]), and primary acquired melanosis (27 [3%]). Overall, conjunctival tumors were benign (779 [97%]) or malignant (27 [3%]), including melanoma (18 [2.2%]) and lymphoma (9 [1.1%]). The mean age at detection was 11 years for benign tumors and 14 years for malignant tumors (P = .005), with mean difference of 3 years (95% CI, 1.2-4.6). The relative frequency of any malignancy (per all conjunctival tumors) by age bracket (0-5 years, >5-10 years, >10-15 years, and >15-<21 years) was 1%, 2%, 3%, and 7%, respectively. A comparison between nevus and melanoma found differences with melanoma in the 10 to 15 years age bracket (29% vs 61%; difference of 32% [95% CI, 10%-55%];

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The Pediatric Choroidal and Ciliary Body Melanoma Study

Abstract: This study confirms that children with CCBM have a more favorable survival than young adults 18 to 25 years of age, adjusting for TNM stage and gender. The association between gender and survival varies between age groups.

Cited by 52 publications

References 32 publications

Iris Colour and the Risk of Developing Uveal Melanoma

Iris Colour and the Risk of Developing Uveal Melanoma

Posterior uveal melanoma in adolescents and children: current perspectives

Clinical Features Differentiating Benign From Malignant Conjunctival Tumors in Children

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