THE PECULIAR EXTINCTION LAW OF SN 2014J MEASURED WITH THE
                    <i>HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE</i>

Amanullah, R.; Goobar, A.; Johansson, Joel; Banerjee, D. P. K.; Venkataraman, V.; Joshi, Vishal; Ashok, N. M.; Cao, Y.; Kasliwal, M. M.; Kulkarni, S. R.; Nugent, P.; Petrushevska, T.; Stanishev, V.

doi:10.1088/2041-8205/788/2/l21

Cited by 112 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The extinction feature is also similar to what is seen in rare cases of reddened supernovae and active galactic nuclei Leighly et al 2014;Amanullah et al 2014). These systems have been successfully modelled with the prescription for multiple scattering of light discussed in Wang (2005) and Goobar (2008).…”

Section: Extinction With Multiple Scatteringsupporting

confidence: 78%

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The mysterious optical afterglow spectrum of GRB 140506A atz= 0.889

Fynbo

Krühler

Leighly

et al. 2014

A&A

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Context. Gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows probe sightlines to star-forming regions in distant star-forming galaxies. Here we present a study of the peculiar afterglow spectrum of the z = 0.889 Swift GRB 140506A. Aims. Our aim is to understand the origin of the very unusual properties of the absorption along the line of sight. Methods. We analyse spectroscopic observations obtained with the X-shooter spectrograph mounted on the ESO/VLT at two epochs 8.8 h and 33 h after the burst, and with imaging from the GROND instrument. We also present imaging and spectroscopy of the host galaxy obtained with the Magellan telescope. Results. The underlying afterglow appears to be a typical afterglow of a long-duration GRB. However, the material along the line of sight has imprinted very unusual features on the spectrum. First, there is a very broad and strong flux drop below 8000 Å (∼4000 Å in the rest frame), which seems to be variable between the two spectroscopic epochs. We can reproduce the flux-drops both as a giant 2175 Å extinction bump and as an effect of multiple scattering on dust grains in a dense environment. Second, we detect absorption lines from excited H i and He i. We also detect molecular absorption from CH + . Conclusions. We interpret the unusual properties of these spectra as reflecting the presence of three distinct regions along the line of sight: the excited He i absorption originates from an H ii-region, whereas the Balmer absorption must originate from an associated photodissociation region.The strong metal line and molecular absorption and the dust extinction must originate from a third, cooler region along the line of sight. The presence of at least three separate regions is reflected in the fact that the different absorption components have different velocities relative to the systemic redshift of the host galaxy.

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Section: Extinction With Multiple Scatteringsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Ca i, Ca ii, CH + ). The closest local analogue to the region causing the dust extinction is probably the sightline to SN 2014J in in the starburst galaxy M 82: along this sightline similar extinction is seen (Amanullah et al 2014). Furthermore, similar absorption line properties are also seen, e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

The mysterious optical afterglow spectrum of GRB 140506A atz= 0.889

Fynbo

Krühler

Leighly

et al. 2014

A&A

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“…Extinction curves steeper than the MW with R V = 2.4-2.5 and a bump at 2175 Å are detected in the central M31 bulge (Dong et al 2014). Amanullah et al (2014) found a steep extinction curve with R V = 1.4 for a Type Ia supernova SN 2014JA in the starburst galaxy M82. A sample of ∼2000 UV-deficient narrow line Seyfert galaxies also shows a steeper extinction law (Zhou et al 2006).…”

Section: Comparison Of Steep Extinction Curvesmentioning

confidence: 86%

Extinction curve template for intrinsically reddened quasars

Zafar

Møller

Watson

et al. 2015

A&A

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We analyzed the near-infrared to UV data of 16 quasars with redshifts ranging from 0.71 < z < 2.13 to investigate dust extinction properties. The sample presented in this work was obtained from the High A V Quasar (HAQ) survey. The quasar candidates were selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and the UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS), and follow-up spectroscopy was carried out at the Nordic Optical Telescope (NOT) and the New Technology Telescope (NTT). To study dust extinction curves intrinsic to the quasars, we selected 16 cases from the HAQ survey for which the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) law could not provide a good solution to the spectral energy distributions (SEDs). We derived the extinction curves using the Fitzpatrick & Massa (1986, ApJ, 307, 286, FM) law by comparing the observed SEDs to a combined previously published quasar template. The derived extinction, A V , ranges from 0.2-1.0 mag. All the individual extinction curves of our quasars are steeper (R V = 2.2-2.7) than that of the SMC, with a weighted mean value of R V = 2.4. We derived an average quasar extinction curve for our sample by simultaneously fitting SEDs by using the weighted mean values of the FM law parameters and a varying R V . The entire sample is well fit with a single best-fit value of R V = 2.2 ± 0.2. The average quasar extinction curve deviates from the steepest Milky Way and SMC extinction curves at a confidence level 95%. Such steep extinction curves suggest that a significant population of silicates is involved in producing small dust grains. Another possibility might be that the large dust grains may have been destroyed by the activity of the nearby active galactic nuclei (AGN), resulting in steep extinction curves.

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“…Low R V values can also be seen along the lines of sight to individual SNe Ia (e.g. Amanullah et al 2014Amanullah et al , 2015.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-varying sodium absorption in the Type Ia supernova 2013gh

Ferretti

Amanullah

Goobar

et al. 2016

A&A

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Context. Temporal variability of narrow absorption lines in high-resolution spectra of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) is studied to search for circumstellar matter. Time series which resolve the profiles of absorption lines such as Na I D or Ca II H&K are expected to reveal variations due to photoionisation and subsequent recombination of the gases. The presence, composition, and geometry of circumstellar matter may hint at the elusive progenitor system of SNe Ia and could also affect the observed reddening law. Aims. To date, there are few known cases of time-varying Na I D absorption in SNe Ia, all of which occurred during relatively late phases of the supernova (SN) evolution. Photoionisation, however, is predicted to occur during the early phases of SNe Ia, when the supernovae peak in the ultraviolet. We attempt, therefore, to observe early-time absorption-line variations by obtaining high-resolution spectra of SNe before maximum light. Methods. We have obtained photometry and high-resolution spectroscopy of SNe Ia 2013gh and iPTF 13dge, to search for absorptionline variations. Furthermore, we study interstellar absorption features in relation to the observed photometric colours of the SNe. Results. Both SNe display deep Na I D and Ca II H&K absorption features. Furthermore, small but significant variations are detected in a feature of the Na I D profile of SN 2013gh. The variations are consistent with either geometric effects of rapidly moving or patchy gas clouds or photoionisation of Na I gas at R ≈ 10 19 cm from the explosion. Conclusions. Our analysis indicates that it is necessary to focus on early phases to detect photoionisation effects of gases in the circumstellar medium of SNe Ia. Different absorbers such as Na I and Ca II can be used to probe for matter at different distances from the SNe. The nondetection of variations during early phases makes it possible to put limits on the abundance of the species at those distances.

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THE PECULIAR EXTINCTION LAW OF SN 2014J MEASURED WITH THE HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE

Cited by 112 publications

References 36 publications

The mysterious optical afterglow spectrum of GRB 140506A atz= 0.889

The mysterious optical afterglow spectrum of GRB 140506A atz= 0.889

Extinction curve template for intrinsically reddened quasars

Time-varying sodium absorption in the Type Ia supernova 2013gh

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