The Pattern of Urolithiasis in the Sudan

Abstract

Vesical stones in children are the commonest stones in the Sudan. In recent years there has been a progressive increase in the number of operations for upper tract stone, suggesting a change in the pattern of urolithiasis.

Pediatric Urolithiasis in Sub–Saharan Africa: A Comparative Study in Two Regions of Cameroon

“…In the Sudan, whereas the incidence is high in the drier north, the disease is rarely seen in the south [22]. The incidence is also very low in Ethiopia [23].…”

Vesical calculi in El Obeid Hospital, Western Sudan.

“…That was confirmed by the finding that 76% of the children studied showed clinical signs of malnutrition, whereas 86% had a haemoglobin content of less than 10 g/dl. The association between under nutrition and endemic vesical calculi was documented before [9][10][11][12][13] . The majority of the patients were males (93.3%).…”

“…Two hundred and fifty years ago vesical calculi were very common in England, but a latter survey has shown that the disease had gradually disappeared 3 . However, the condition is still reported from different regions of the developing world [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] ; where its prevalence is linked to the hot climate, poverty and deficiency in animal protein intake.In Sudan, urolithiasis is a common disease [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] . In this study we document the prevalence of vesical stones among the patients reporting to our hospital which serves a wide community in the sub-saharan zone of Western Sudan where drought, desertation, displacement and conflicts had swept the society for more than two decades.…”