The Pattern of Movements of Adults of the Northern Corn Rootworm Inside and Outside of Corn Fields1

Cinereski, Joseph E.; Chiang, H. C.

doi:10.1093/jee/61.6.1531

Cited by 50 publications

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“…The attraction of Neocrepidodera ferruginea adults to the flowers of various plants is similar to that of the adults of the northern corn leaf beetle, which migrate outside corn fields to feed on the pollen of goldenrods and other weeds [68]. However, N. ferruginea do not have to migrate far outside fields since most weeds are ubiquitous and grow within fields in the company of cultivated grasses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Aylmer, on the north shore of the Ottawa River, is presently the northernmost known location of this flea beetle; however, we suspect that it has already established further north from this locality. In Ontario, it would be crucial to determine if it is moving westward towards the Canadian Prairies.The attraction of Neocrepidodera ferruginea adults to the flowers of various plants is similar to that of the adults of the northern corn leaf beetle, which migrate outside corn fields to feed on the pollen of goldenrods and other weeds [68]. However, N. ferruginea do not have to migrate far outside fields since most weeds are ubiquitous and grow within fields in the company of cultivated grasses.…”

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confidence: 78%

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First Record of the European Rusted Flea Beetle,Neocrepidodera ferruginea(Scopoli, 1763), in North America (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini)

LeSage

Savard

2012

Psyche: A Journal of Entomology

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The European rusted flea beetle Neocrepidodera ferruginea (Scopoli, 1763) is reported for the first time from Québec and Ontario, Canada. It was likely introduced into southern Ontario at an international port on the Great Lakes in early 1970s, or possibly earlier in the 1960s. However, the exact location and date of introduction could not be precisely determined. The flea beetle has since dispersed northeastwards and reached Aylmer, north of Ottawa River, in Québec, by 2003. This is about 375 km from Niagara Falls, where the oldest known specimens were collected in 1977. In 2009, various wild habitats and cultivated areas of Aylmer were surveyed. The host plants of the larvae could not be determined, but adults were swept from many plant species including various weeds and cultivated grasses: Alopecurus pratense (meadow foxtail), Dactylis glomerata (orchard-grass), Festuca rubra (red fescue-grass), and Poa pratensis (Kentucky blue-grass). Adults were also collected from flowers of several weeds: Aster sp. (undetermined species), Aster novae-angliae (New England aster), Ambrosia artemisiifolia (small ragweed), Echium vulgare (viper's bugloss), Nasturtium officinale (water cress), Melilotus alba (white sweet-clover), Hypericum perforatum (common St. John's-wort), Lythrum salicaria (purple loosestrife), Ranunculus acris (buttercup), and Solidago spp. (goldenrods). Since larvae are known to develop inside the roots and central stems of cereals, this new alien species represents a threat to Canadian agriculture, particularly if it reaches the Prairies in western Canada, where cereals represent a considerable part of their economy. European rusted flea beetle and Altise ferrugineuse européenne are suggested for the English and French common names of this flea beetle, respectively. IntroductionSpectacular and large (20-35 mm) alien insects such as the Asian longhorn beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky, 1853), cannot establish themselves unnoticed due to their large size, showy appearance, and the considerable damage they cause to trees. Although much smaller (7-14 mm), the Emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, 1888, was quickly identified by its bright metallic green color and evident damage to ornamental ash (Fraxinus spp.) trees. In contrast, decades may pass before small species are detected, and it may take even longer if they are not associated with economically important plants of horticultural, agricultural, or forestry value. The European flea beetle, Neocrepidodera ferruginea [1], is such a species. Its small size (3-4 mm) and rusty color contributed to hide it within the vegetation. In addition, the lack of regular insect monitoring in agricultural lands of eastern Canada or of surveys in natural habitats also explain in part why it has been thriving unnoticed for over 30 years. Consequently, the present communication provides information on its identification, habitats, biology, host plants, economic importance, and history of introduction into North America. Material and MethodsThe sp...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

mentioning

confidence: 78%

First Record of the European Rusted Flea Beetle,Neocrepidodera ferruginea(Scopoli, 1763), in North America (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini)

LeSage

Savard

2012

Psyche: A Journal of Entomology

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“…Thus, it is unlikely that beetles captured in late June, July, and August had recently emerged. Cinereski and Chiang (1968) found that in laboratory tests, northern corn rootworms contained identiÞable corn pollen for 3 d after ingestion. However, no tests were conducted to determine corn pollen longevity if other pollen or plant tissue was ingested after consuming corn pollen.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foraging Resources of Adult Mexican Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Bell County, Texas

Jones¹,

Coppedge²

2000

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Pollen analyses were used to determine pollen foraging resources of adult Mexican corn rootworms, Diabrotica virgifera zeae Krysan & Smith, captured near Temple, Bell County, TX, in 1996 and 1997. In 1996, adult Mexican corn rootworms were captured in a corn, Zea mays L., field. In 1997, nine locations outside of cornfields were added. Overall, 92% of the beetles (n = 1,323) contained pollen. More than 142,000 pollen grains were counted, representing 45 families, 63 genera, and 27 species. Overall, in 1996, noncorn grass pollen (70%) occurred in the greatest percentage of total pollen followed by corn (17%), then nongrass pollen (13%). In 1997, noncorn grass pollen (76%) had the greatest percentage, then nongrass (18%), and finally corn pollen (6%). Corn pollen was found in 34% of the beetles in 1996 and 26% in 1997. Fifteen Asteraceae taxa were encountered including sunflower, Helianthus annuus L. Thirteen Fabaceae were found including soybean, Glycine max L. Mexican corn rootworm adults foraged mainly on noncorn grass pollen, but also foraged on pollen from a large diversity of plant species, indicating that noncorn pollen may play a role in the food habits of Mexican corn rootworm adults.

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“…IdentiÞcation of males was often facilitated by the external presence of a spermatophore or partial exertion of the aedeagus. Beetles from whole plant samples were also sexed and females were dissected to determine ovarian stage by using the 1Ð5 scale of Cinereski and Chiang (1968).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hill (1975) reported that the ovaries of active reproductive D. v. virgifera ßuctuate between ratings of 3 and 4 (on the 1Ð5 scale of Cinereski and Chiang 1968). Therefore, we classiÞed female beetles as having poorly developed (ratings of 1 or 2) or well developed ovaries (ratings of 3 or 4).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Patterns of Mexican Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Adults Indicated by Different Sampling Methods

Spurgeon¹,

Esquivel²,

Suh³

2004

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The Mexican corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera zeae Krysan & Smith, is a serious pest of corn, Zea mays L., in several areas of Texas. Recent demonstrations of areawide adult control suggest this tactic has promise for rootworm management, but additional information regarding treatment thresholds and sampling methodology is needed. In 2000 and 2001 we examined the influence of distance into the field on rootworm captures by CRW and Pherocon AM traps, the fidelity of trap captures to population estimates from visual counts of beetles on plants (whole plant samples), and the seasonal population patterns indicated by each sampling method. Only the CRW trap consistently indicated reduced trap captures at the field margin compared with other distances. However, trends for the AM trap and whole plant samples suggested sampling on the field margin should be avoided. Population estimates at other distances into the field (2-30 m) were usually statistically similar. Thus, monitoring does not require trap placement far into the field. Both trap types indicated population peaks after flowering in corn, whereas plant samples indicated peak populations during tasseling and flowering. Both the CRW trap and plant samples showed the proportion of female beetles increased as the season progressed, but the CRW trap underestimated the proportion of females until after flowering. Regressions relating captures by traps to counts from plant samples indicated efficiency of both traps increased with increasing plant development. Our findings should increase acceptance of the CRW trap by producers and consultants and provide a rationale for development of improved, plant growth stage-specific treatment thresholds.

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The Pattern of Movements of Adults of the Northern Corn Rootworm Inside and Outside of Corn Fields1

Cited by 50 publications

References 0 publications

First Record of the European Rusted Flea Beetle,Neocrepidodera ferruginea(Scopoli, 1763), in North America (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini)

First Record of the European Rusted Flea Beetle,Neocrepidodera ferruginea(Scopoli, 1763), in North America (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini)

Foraging Resources of Adult Mexican Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Bell County, Texas

Population Patterns of Mexican Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Adults Indicated by Different Sampling Methods

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