The pattern of CD38 expression defines a distinct subset of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients at risk of disease progression

Clinical utility of assessing ZAP‐70 and CD38 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia

“…We found 18% (56/307) of the patients' leukemic B cells exhibited a bimodal CD38 pattern. This is similar to other investigators who have detected 14.5 and 27% of their patient samples so exhibit a bimodal CD38 pattern (35,38). As observed by other investigators (35,38), the presence of bimodality in CD38 expression in our cohort did not alter disease progression.…”

“…In our laboratory (Kipps) we have found that the expression of CD38 is stable (36). Our investigation of 10 patient samples over a period of 4 years confirms previous analyses that CD38 expression is stable over time (8,10,(13)(14)(15)31,35,37 Appendix B).…”

“…It has also been suggested that the presence of a distinct CD38 positive population within the leukemic clone (bimodal expression), rather than the numerical cut-off value, correlates with IgV H mutational status and progressive disease (35,37). We found 18% (56/307) of the patients' leukemic B cells exhibited a bimodal CD38 pattern.…”

“…Some investigators have used 7% (14,15,18,28), others 20% (10,13), and still others 30% (8,9,11,12,31). Thornton et al and Ghia et al reported that CD38 expression did not change over an interval of greater than 8 years (15,32,35). In addition, Gentile et al reported stable CD38 expression during the course of the disease in 94-100% of their patients (14).…”

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Recent Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment

“…CD38 positivity is associated with significantly shorter overall survival and progression-free survival times [14], and also a poor response to fludarabine (Fludara ® ; Berlex Laboratories, Wayne, NJ, http://www.berlex.com) [15]. Ghia et al reported that patients with CD38 + CLL had a 75% probability of progression at a median follow-up of 90 months, compared with 13% probability in patients without CD38 expression [16].…”