The Patient Sits Down

White, Abraham G.

doi:10.1097/00006842-195305000-00005

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Haase and DiMattia suggested that an arrangement in which the space between the chairs is partially intersected by the desk may have the advantage of being open enough to allow interaction, while still offering protection under circumstances which may evoke feelings of uncertainty or anxiety in a client. White (1953) also noted that a desk between a doctor and his patient was a barrier to communication.…”

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confidence: 99%

Preferred seating position and distance in various situations.

Broekmann¹,

Möller²

1973

Journal of Counseling Psychology

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The preference of 30 students for 4 seating positions in counseling, formal, home, and 2 social situations and the preferred distance between chairs in the various seating positions were investigated. The subjects were required to indicate their preference for position and distance of furniture as depicted on photographs. Relationships between these preferences and personality variables also were investigated. Results showed preference for different seating positions in some situations although similarities occurred in others. The choice of distance was related to 2 personality factors. Explanation of the present results was attempted and differences from previous studies were discussed.

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Preferred seating position and distance in various situations.

Broekmann¹,

Möller²

1973

Journal of Counseling Psychology

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“…Environmental and artifactual features can be categorized as fixed-and semifixed-feature elements (Hall, 1966). Whereas fixed-feature elements are relatively permanent or slow to change such as floors, ceilings, and walls (Rapoport, 1990), semifixed-feature elements include the ar-rangement of movable objects such as tables and chairs (White, 1953; see also Burgoon, Guerrero, & Floyd, 2010;Knapp, Hall, & Horgan, 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Communicative Effects of a Cup of Coffee on Dyadic Conversation

Yokomitsu¹,

Fujiwara²

2019

PSYCH

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Findings from previous studies have suggested that environmental factors affect the quality of communication. Although the impact of several environmental factors such as fixed-and semifixed-feature elements has been investigated, the present pre-registered study focuses on a more casual environmental factor: the presence of a cup of coffee. In the present study, 118 non-student participants engaged in a dyadic, face-to-face, unstructured conversation with a stranger of the same gender. Participants with a cup of coffee reported an identical level of rapport (a type of close and positive communication), friendliness, vigor-activity, and tension-anxiety as participants with a cup of water (control group 1). They also reported higher rapport friendliness and vigor-activity than participants in the no drink condition (control group 2), though the difference in rapport did not reach the level of significance. However, for rapport, the positive impact of coffee was salient in individuals who held a strong belief in the communicative effect of coffee. The findings indicate that a cup of coffee can be an environmental factor that potentially enhances the quality of communication.

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“…In an unusual study, White (1953) reported that a slight rearrangement of furniture produced changes in patient-doctor relationships. He noted that a desk between him and his patients was a barrier to communication.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In the experiment reported here we have assumed that the position of a desk in an interview may influence the interviewer's perceived credibility. Since White (1953) has shown that interviewee anxiety is affected by desk position we have supposed the same relationship in this experiment. We hypothesized a relationship between level of interviewee anxiety and desk position as measured by perceived interviewer credibility.…”

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confidence: 99%