The Pathophysiology of Miscarriage in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Review and Proposed Hypothesis of Mechanisms Involved

Essah, Paulina A.; Cheang, Kai I.; Nestler, John E.

doi:10.14310/horm.2002.11130

Cited by 22 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 52 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Glueck et al (2001Glueck et al ( -2002) (11) , Breea Johnson (2010) (7) & Paulina A. Essah, Kai I. Cheang, John E. Nestler (3) suggest the same findings to our study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…In some cases, PCOS develops later during the reproductive years, for instance, in response to substantial weight gain (1) .PCOS produces symptoms in about 5-10% of women of reproductive age (12-45 years) and it is one of the leading causes of female subfertility (2) . It is characterized by chronic anovulation & hyperandrogenism (3) , with ultrasound features of PCOS (an ovary with 12 or more follicles measuring 2-9 mm in diameter and increased ovarian volume (>10 cm 3 ) on transvaginal ultrasound (4) . It is possible to have ovaries that are polycystic without having the typical symptoms that are in the syndrome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Role of Metformin on Recurrent Miscarriage and Other Pregnancy Complications in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Mohammed¹

2017

IJEIR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Glueck et al (2001Glueck et al ( -2002) (11) , Breea Johnson (2010) (7) & Paulina A. Essah, Kai I. Cheang, John E. Nestler (3) suggest the same findings to our study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Metformin on Recurrent Miscarriage and Other Pregnancy Complications in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Mohammed¹

2017

IJEIR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system is a critical signalling mechanism disrupted by hyperinsulinaemia in conditions such as the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS; Essah et al 2004). Hyperinsulinaemia has been suggested to be a risk factor for miscarriage in PCOS patients (van der Spuy & Dyer 2004, Cocksedge et al 2008) and has been proposed as a main factor in the pathophysiology of early pregnancy loss in PCOS patients (Essah et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hyperinsulinaemia has been suggested to be a risk factor for miscarriage in PCOS patients (van der Spuy & Dyer 2004, Cocksedge et al 2008) and has been proposed as a main factor in the pathophysiology of early pregnancy loss in PCOS patients (Essah et al 2004). The increased insulin levels reduce synthesis of IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) such as IGFBP1, which in turn enhances bioactivity of IGF1 (Wang & Chard 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased apoptosis in bovine blastocysts exposed to high levels of IGF1 is not associated with downregulation of the IGF1 receptor

Velazquez¹,

Hermann²,

Kues³

et al. 2011

Reproduction

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The hypothesis that high concentrations of IGF1 can impair embryo development was investigated in a bovine in vitro model to reflect conditions in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. Embryos were either cultured in the absence or presence of a physiological (100 ng/ml) or supraphysiological (1000 ng/ml) IGF1 concentration. Cell allocation, apoptosis, transcript and protein expression of selected genes involved in apoptosis, glucose metabolism and the IGF system were analysed. Supraphysiological IGF1 concentration did not improve blastocyst formation over controls, but induced higher levels of apoptosis, decreased TP53 protein expression in the trophectoderm and increased the number of cells in the inner cell mass (ICM). The increase in ICM cells corresponded with an increase in IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) protein in the ICM. A small, but significant, percentage of blastocysts displayed a hypertrophic ICM, not observed in controls and virtually absent in embryos treated with physiological concentrations of IGF1. Physiological IGF1 concentrations increased total IGF1R protein expression and upregulated IGFBP3 transcripts leading to an increase in blastocyst formation with no effects on cell number or apoptosis. In conclusion, the results support the hypothesis of detrimental effects of supraphysiological IGF1 concentrations on early pregnancy. However, our results do not support the premise that increased apoptosis associated with high levels of IGF1 is mediated via downregulation of the IGF1R as previously found in preimplantation mouse embryos. This in vitro system with the bovine preimplantation embryo reflects critical features of fertility in PCOS patients and could thus serve as a useful model for in-depth mechanistic studies.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Metformin on Recurrent Miscarriage and Other Pregnancy Complications in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Mohammed¹

2017

IJEIR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

The Pathophysiology of Miscarriage in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Review and Proposed Hypothesis of Mechanisms Involved

Cited by 22 publications

References 52 publications

Role of Metformin on Recurrent Miscarriage and Other Pregnancy Complications in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Role of Metformin on Recurrent Miscarriage and Other Pregnancy Complications in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Increased apoptosis in bovine blastocysts exposed to high levels of IGF1 is not associated with downregulation of the IGF1 receptor

Role of Metformin on Recurrent Miscarriage and Other Pregnancy Complications in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About