The Pasteurization of France. By Bruno Latour (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1988. 273 pp. $30.00)

Wilson, Lindsay

doi:10.1353/jsh/23.4.861

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…In most Hymenopteran species, castes of female individuals are determined by the amount or quality of nutrition that they receive during the larval stage. Better provisioned larvae develop into queens, while less-well-provisioned larvae will become workers (Wilson 1971;Wheeler 1986). This mechanism of female caste determination has also been suggested for Hypoponera opacior (Rü ger et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No inbreeding depression but increased sexual investment in highly inbred ant colonies

et al. 2012

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Inbreeding can lead to the expression of deleterious recessive alleles and to a subsequent fitness reduction. In Hymenoptera, deleterious alleles are purged in haploid males moderating inbreeding costs. However, in these haplodiploid species, inbreeding can result in the production of sterile diploid males. We investigated the effects of inbreeding on the individual and colony level in field colonies of the highly inbred ant Hypoponera opacior. In this species, outbreeding winged sexuals and nest-mating wingless sexuals mate during two separate reproductive periods. We show that regular sib-matings lead to high levels of homozygosity and the occasional production of diploid males, which sporadically sire triploid offspring. On the individual level, inbreeding was associated with an increased body size in workers. On the colony level, we found no evidence for inbreeding depression as productivity was unaffected by the level of homozygosity. Instead, inbred colonies altered their allocation strategies by investing more resources into sexuals than into workers. This shift towards sexual production was due to an increased investment in both males and queens, which was particularly pronounced in the dispersive generation. The absence of inbreeding depression combined with increased reproductive investment, especially in outbreeding sexuals, suggests that these ants have evolved active strategies to regulate the extent and effects of frequent inbreeding.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No inbreeding depression but increased sexual investment in highly inbred ant colonies

et al. 2012

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“…First, it demonstrates the import of strategic factors in environments where firms compete in the non-market arena. This stands in contrast to the literature as noted above which often studies contexts when firms within an industry either collaborate on non-market strategy or are unopposed in the sense that Wilson (1990) termed "client politics." Second, the paper provides an important underpinning for the second link-between strategies of firms and outcomes-by providing the foundation for the policy outcomes as a result of the strategies studied here in de Figueiredo and Edwards (2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 75%

The Market for Legislative Influence over Regulatory Policy

Figueiredo¹,

Edwards²

2016

Advances in Strategic Management

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We show that in the US telecommunications industry market participants have a sophisticated understanding of the political process, and behave strategically in their allocation of contributions to state legislators as if seeking to purchase influence over regulatory policy. We find that interests respond defensively to contributions from rivals, take into account the configuration of support available to them in both the legislature and the regulatory commission, and vary their contributions according to variations in relative costs for influence by different legislatures. This strategic behavior supports a theory that commercially motivated interests contribute campaign resources in order to mobilize legislators to influence the decisions of regulatory agencies. We also report evidence that restrictions on campaign finance do not affect all interests equally. The paper therefore provides positive evidence on the nature and effects of campaign contributions in regulated industries where interest group competition may be sharp.

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“…Early attempts to explain more deeply how nature affects people mentally arose with the intention of finding out what preferences people have in relation to different types of landscapes. Most prominent among these are the biophilia hypothesis (Fromm 1964;Wilson, 1984), the savannah theory (Orians, 1980), and the prospect-refuge theory (Appleton, 1975). These evolutionary theories emerged at a time when the awareness of environmental destruction and the limits of growth led to increased care for nature.…”

Section: Evolutionary Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green and healthy Nordic cities: How to plan, design, and manage health-promoting urban green space

Aguiar Borges,

Rohrer,

Nilsson

2024

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This handbook is the culmination of the NORDGREEN project, which develops and implements smart planning and management solutions for well-designed, high-quality green spaces that promote health and well-being. Researchers and practitioners worked alongside one another in six Nordic cities: Aarhus (Denmark), Espoo and Ii (Finland), Stavanger (Norway), and Täby and Vilhelmina (Sweden). Together, the researchers and practitioners applied methods including GIS data analysis, statistical analysis, PPGIS surveys and analysis, policy document analysis, interviews, and evidence-based design models. The handbook uses an innovative framework based on the multi-disciplinary approach of the project, using epidemiological studies, environmental psychology, policy and management, and citizen participation. These fields of study and their respective methodologies are divided into the four so-called NORD components—NUMBERING, OBSERVING, REGULATING, and DESIGNING—which, accompanied by a BACKGROUND section reviewing the evidence linking green space and human health, form the bulk of the handbook. Some key take-away messages from these chapters include: There is a fairly broad consensus that access to, and use of, natural and green areas have a positive influence on people’s health and well-being. Both perceived and objective indicators for access to green space and for health are needed for making a more comprehensive evaluation for how people’s health is influenced by green space. Citizens’ experiential, local knowledge is a vital component of urban planning, and PPGIS can offer practitioners the opportunity to gather map-based experiential knowledge to provide insights for planning, designing, and managing green spaces. Alignment, both vertically across the political, tactical, and operational levels, as well as horizontally across departments, is critical for municipal organisations to foster health-promoting green spaces. Evidence-based design models can provide important categories and qualities for diagnosing the gaps in existing green spaces and designing green spaces with different scales and scopes that respond to the various health and well-being needs of different people. Based on the research and lessons learned from the six case study cities, the handbook provides practitioners with a TOOLBOX of adaptable methods, models, and guidelines for delivering health-promoting green spaces to consider in their own contexts. By reading this handbook, planners and policymakers can expect to gain (1) a background on the evidence linking green spaces and health, practical tools for planning, designing, and managing green spaces, (2) tips from researchers regarding the challenges of using various methods, models, and guidelines for delivering health-promoting green space, and (3) inspiration on some success stories emerging from the Nordic Region in this area of study. The handbook covers a wide range of health and urban green space topics. Landscape architects will find evidence-based design models for enhancing existing green space design processes. Planners will find methods and guidelines for identifying, collecting, and analysing both qualitative and quantitative green space and health data from statistical databases, national citizen surveys, and map-based participatory surveys. And all practitioners will find guidelines for achieving programmatic alignment in their work for delivering health-promoting green space.

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The Pasteurization of France. By Bruno Latour (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1988. 273 pp. $30.00)

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

No inbreeding depression but increased sexual investment in highly inbred ant colonies

No inbreeding depression but increased sexual investment in highly inbred ant colonies

The Market for Legislative Influence over Regulatory Policy

Green and healthy Nordic cities: How to plan, design, and manage health-promoting urban green space

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