The past, present, and future of Z pinches

Haines, M. G.; Lebedev, S. V.; Chittenden, J. P.; Beg, F. N.; Bland, S. N.; Dangor, A. E.

doi:10.1063/1.874047

Cited by 72 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Z-pinch plasma is the most powerful x-ray radiation sources [1] that created in laboratories at present and has wide applications in inertial confinement fusion (ICF), laboratory astrophysics, radiation science and other high energy density sciences [2][3][4][5]. In this paper, the results of Z-pinch experiments carried out on PTS using tungsten high-wire-number array loads are presented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary experimental results of wire-array Z-pinches on PTS

Huang¹,

Zhou²,

Ren³

et al. 2014

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. The Primary Test Stand (PTS) developed at the China Academy of Engineering Physics is a multiterawatt pulsed power driver, which can deliver a ~10 MA, 70 ns rise-time (10%-90%) current to a short circuit load and has important applications in Z-pinch driven inertial confinement fusion and high energy density physics. In this paper, primary results of tungsten wire-array Z-pinch experiments on PTS are presented. The load geometries investigated include 15-mm-tall cylindrical single and nested arrays with diameter ranging from 14.4-26.4 mm, and consisting of 132~276 tungsten wires with 5~10 m in diameter. Multiple diagnostics were fielded to determine the characteristics of x-ray radiations and to obtain self-emitting images of imploding plasmas. X-ray power up to 80 TW with ~3 ns FWMH is achieved by using nested wire arrays. The total x-ray energy exceeds 500 kJ and the peak radiation temperature is about 150 eV. Typical velocity of imploding plasmas goes around 3~5×10 7 cm/s and the radial convergence ratio is between 10 and 20.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary experimental results of wire-array Z-pinches on PTS

Huang¹,

Zhou²,

Ren³

et al. 2014

AIP Conference Proceedings

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“…The strongest laboratory X-ray source on Earth today is the Z Machine at Sandia National Laboratory, which routinely produces upwards of 100 TW (10 21 ergs/s) by driving 18 MA of electrical current through cylindrical arrays of 100-400 fine wires [7,8]. The array as a whole is some 20-70 mm in diameter and 10-20 mm tall to start with.…”

Section: Z Pinch X-ray Sources For Photoionizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

X-ray spectroscopy of astrophysically-relevant photoionized iron plasmas at Z

Heeter¹,

Bailey²,

Cuneo³

et al. 2000

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. In order to provide benchmark data for models used to interpret X-ray astronomy data from newly-launched orbital telescopes such as Chandra, we have used 120 TW, 180 eV pinch plasmas on the Sandia Z facility to drive iron foils into X-ray photoionized equilibrium. The experiment was designed to achieve photoionization parameters characteristic of accretion-powered objects such as X-ray binaries (neutron stars) and active galactic nuclei (black holes). These objects comprise roughly half of observed X-ray sources, but the interpretation of their spectra is difficult: stateof-the-art models for photoionized iron plasmas do not yet agree on the expected ionization balance. In our initial experiments the foil samples consisted of 200Å of iron codeposited with 300Å of sodium fluoride and sandwiched between two 1000Å layers of Lexan (CH and O). We characterized the pinch spectrum, temperature, power and uniformity and qualified it as a photoionization driver. We obtained time-integrated absorption spectra for the foil from 8 to 18Å and identified spectral lines from O VIII, F IX, Na X and XI, and Fe XVII and XVIII, i.e. neon-line and fluorine-like iron. Time-resolved absorption and emission spectra for the foils were also obtained from 12.5 to 16Å, and hydrogen-like F and neon-like and fluorine-like Fe were again observed in the 2 ns time window of interest. In subsequent ridealong experiments we have developed a density diagnostic and measured the density via foil-expansion imaging at two locations. We conclude by discussing upcoming experiments at Z in which we plan to obtain a full data set of plasma density, temperature, and absorption and emisssion spectra for multiple photoionization equilibria.

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“…Such plasmas are of great scientific and technical interest, for example in studies related to fusion, atomic physics, laboratory astrophysics, etc. [1,2,3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instability Control in a Staged Z-pinch

Wessel¹

2011

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The past, present, and future of Z pinches

Cited by 72 publications

References 57 publications

Primary experimental results of wire-array Z-pinches on PTS

Primary experimental results of wire-array Z-pinches on PTS

X-ray spectroscopy of astrophysically-relevant photoionized iron plasmas at Z

Instability Control in a Staged Z-pinch

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