The parasitism of Flamingolepis liguloides (Gervais, 1847) (Cestoda, Hymenolepididae) in Artemia salina (Crustacea, Branchiopoda) in two saline lakes in Algeria

Amarouayache, Mounia; Derbal, Farid; Kara, M. Hichem

doi:10.2478/s11686-009-0049-8

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…As F. liguloides can infect the more distantly related A. salina (Amarouayache et al . ), these results suggests that host genetics play an important role in F. liguloides infection. Within A. parthenogenetica , host genotype did not affect the cestode's ability to infect its hosts, but genotypes A and D were more subject to behavioural manipulation by this parasite.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Why join groups? Lessons from parasite‐manipulatedArtemia

et al. 2013

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Grouping behaviours (e.g. schooling, shoaling and swarming) are commonly explicated through adaptive hypotheses such as protection against predation, access to mates or improved foraging. However, the hypothesis that aggregation can result from manipulation by parasites to increase their transmission has never been demonstrated. We investigated this hypothesis using natural populations of two crustacean hosts (Artemia franciscana and Artemia parthenogenetica) infected with one cestode and two microsporidian parasites. We found that swarming propensity increased in cestode-infected hosts and that red colour intensity was higher in swarming compared with non-swarming infected hosts. These effects likely result in increased cestode transmission to its final avian host. Furthermore, we found that microsporidian-infected hosts had both increased swarming propensity and surfacing behaviour. Finally, we demonstrated using experimental infections that these concurrent manipulations result in increased spore transmission to new hosts. Hence, this study suggests that parasites can play a prominent role in host grouping behaviours.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Why join groups? Lessons from parasite‐manipulatedArtemia

et al. 2013

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“…Native brine shrimps in the Mediterranean are intermediate hosts of 12 species of avian cestodes parasitic as adults in flamingos, gulls, grebes, shorebirds or ducks (Gabrion et al 1982;Thiéry et al 1990;Robert and Gabrion 1991;Amat et al 1991b;Mura 1995;Georgiev et al 2005Georgiev et al , 2007Vasileva et al 2009;Amarouayache et al 2009). Both adult shrimps and metanauplii participate in cestode life cycles (Redón et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Larval helminths in the invasive American brine shrimp Artemia franciscana throughout its annual cycle

Georgiev

Angelov

Vasileva

et al. 2014

Acta Parasitologica

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One of the best examples of rapid displacement of native species by an invader is the eradication of native Artemia salina and A. parthenogenetica in the Mediterranean by the introduced American A. franciscana. Previous studies based on sampling from limited time periods suggest that the success of the American species as a competitor may be due partly to different parasite burden, since native Artemia spp. have high cestode infection rates regulating their density. The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that the helminth infection in A. franciscana in its invasive range is low throughout its annual life cycle. Samples of A. franciscana were collected every second month from La Tapa saltern (Andalusia) during one year. Five helminth species were recorded: cestodes Flamingolepis liguloides, F. flamingo, Gynandrotaenia stammeri (all flamingo parasites), Eurycestus avoceti (a shorebird parasite) and larval spirurids of the Acuariinae (the first record of nematodes in Artemia). The overall infection rate was low, with total prevalence 5.9% and prevalence of individual parasite species between 0.2 and 3.2%. The mean abundance of helminths was 0.005-0.155 (av. 0.068), 5-13 times lower than in native congeners. Waterbird counts indicate that the low infection rates cannot be explained by lack of definitive hosts. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that helminths have no regulating effect on the invasive brine shrimp in the Mediterranean. The replacement of the native populations by the invader can be partially explained by a competition mediated by parasites/predators through a differential impact on host fitness.

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“…We found significant but mild castrating effects of cestodes in A. franciscana and much stronger effects in native A. salina. Owing to the smaller sample size, for A. salina we could only confirm a castrating effect for F. liguloides which was already known to have a strong castrating effect on this species (Amarouayache, Derbal & Kara, 2009) and A. parthenogenetica (Amat et al, 1991;Sánchez et al, 2012). In A. franciscana, we found a significant castration effect for F. liguloides and E. avoceti, with a stronger effect in the former (a single cysticercoid of F. liguloides is able to castrate,…”

Section: Castration and Colour Effects In Native And Alien Hostscontrasting

confidence: 56%

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Supplemental Information 5: Comparative Data on Total Cestode Prevalence in Both Sexual Artemia SPP

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The American brine shrimp Artemia franciscana is invasive in the Mediterranean region where it has displaced native species (the sexual A. salina, and the clonal A. parthenogenetica) from many salt pond complexes. Artemia populations are parasitized by numerous avian cestodes whose effects have been studied in native species. We present a study from the Ebro Delta salterns (NE Spain), in a salt pond where both A. franciscana and native A. salina populations coexist, providing a unique opportunity to compare the parasite loads of the two sexual species in syntopy. The native species had consistently higher infection parameters, largely because the dominant cestode in A. salina adults and juveniles (Flamingolepis liguloides) was much rarer in A. franciscana. The most abundant cestodes in the alien species were Eurycestus avoceti (in adults) and Flamingolepis flamingo (in juveniles). The abundance of E. avoceti and F. liguloides was higher in the A. franciscana population syntopic with A. salina than in a monospecific population sampled at the same time in another pond where the native brine shrimp was absent, possibly because the native shrimp provides a better reservoir for parasite circulation. Infection by cestodes caused red colouration in adult and juvenile A. salina, and also led to castration in a high proportion of adult females. Both these effects were significantly stronger in the native host than in A. franciscana with the same parasite loads. However, for the first time, significant castration effects (for E. avoceti and F. liguloides) and colour change (for six cestode species) were observed in infected A. franciscana. Avian cestodes are likely to help A. franciscana outcompete native species. At the same time, they are likely to reduce the production of A. franciscana cysts in areas where they are harvested commercially.

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The parasitism of Flamingolepis liguloides (Gervais, 1847) (Cestoda, Hymenolepididae) in Artemia salina (Crustacea, Branchiopoda) in two saline lakes in Algeria

Cited by 21 publications

References 33 publications

Why join groups? Lessons from parasite‐manipulatedArtemia

Why join groups? Lessons from parasite‐manipulatedArtemia

Larval helminths in the invasive American brine shrimp Artemia franciscana throughout its annual cycle

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