The parallel biosynthesis routes of hyperoside from naringenin in Hypericum monogynum

Abstract

Hyperoside is a bioactive flavonoid galactoside in both medicinal and edible plants. It plays an important physiological role in the growth of flower buds. However, the hyperoside biosynthesis pathway has not been systematically elucidated in plants including its original source Hypericaceae. Our group found abundant hyperoside in the flower buds of Hypericum monogynum, thereby we sequenced its transcriptome to study the biosynthetic mechanism of hyperoside. After gene screening and functional verification, four kinds of key enzymes were identified. Specifically, HmF3Hs and HmFLSs could catalyze flavanones into dihydroflavonols, as well as catalyzing dihydroflavonols into flavonols. HmFLSs could also convert flavanones into flavonols and flavones with varying efficiencies. HmF3′H was found to act broadly on 4′-hydroxyl flavonoids to produce 3′,4′-diydroxylated flavanones, dihydroflavonols, flavonols and flavones. And HmGAT would transform flavonols into the according 3-O-galactosides including hyperoside. The parallel hyperoside biosynthesis routes were thus depicted, one of which was successfully reconstructed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) by feeding economical naringenin, resulting in a hyperoside yield of 25 mg/L. Overall, this research not only helped us understand the interior catalytic mechanism of hyperoside in H. monogynum concerning flower development and bioactivity, but also provided valuable insights into these enzyme families.

Wave type fiber SPR sensor for rapid and highly sensitive detection of hyperoside

“…Recent studies have shown that hyperoside also has potential functions such as inhibiting pancreatic lipase [ 3 ] and treating Alzheimer's disease [ 4 ]. To ensure the therapeutic effect of Huangshu Kui in clinical practice, it is necessary to quickly and sensitively detect the content of the active ingredient hyperoside in Huangshu Kui [ 5 ]. Traditional methods for detecting active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine include chromatography, mass spectrometry, electrophoresis, etc.…”