The paradox of the inverted temperature profiles between an evaporating and a condensing surface

Cercignani, Carlo; Fiszdon, W.; Frezzotti, Aldo

doi:10.1063/1.865373

Cited by 50 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…2, the temperature jump increases with the increase in the liquid temperature difference in the both cases of the normalized reference liquid temperature; this increase in the temperature jump is related to the increase in the velocity in the direction normal to the kinetic boundary [40]. Furthermore, in this system consisting of two liquid slabs at different temperatures, wellknown characteristic phenomenon inverted temperature gradient [8,41,42,43,44] occurs in the bulk vapor as a consequence of the temperature jump. We verified the occurrence of the inverted temperature gradient by using the EV-DSMC simulation.…”

Section: Macroscopic Variables Obtained From the Ev-dsmc Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid temperature dependence of kinetic boundary condition at vapor–liquid interface

Kon

Kobayashi

Watanabe

2016

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

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For the accurate description of heat and mass transfer through a vapor-liquid interface, the appropriate modeling of the interface during nonequilibrium phase change (net evaporation/condensation) is a crucial issue. The aim of this study is to propose a microscopic interfacial model which should be imposed at the interface as the kinetic boundary condition for the Boltzmann equation. In this study, we constructed the kinetic boundary condition for monoatomic molecules over a wide range of liquid temperature based on mean field kinetic theory, and we validated the accuracy of the constructed kinetic boundary condition by solving the boundary value problem of the Boltzmann equation. These results showed that we can impose the kinetic boundary condition at the interface by simply specifying liquid temperature and simulate the complex vapor-liquid two-phase flow induced by net evaporation/condensation. Furthermore, we applied the constructed kinetic boundary condition to the boundary condition for the fluid-dynamic-type equations. This application enables us to deal with a large spatio-temporal scale of the interfacial dynamics in the vapor-liquid two-phase system with net evaporation/condensation.

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Section: Macroscopic Variables Obtained From the Ev-dsmc Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid temperature dependence of kinetic boundary condition at vapor–liquid interface

Kon

Kobayashi

Watanabe

2016

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

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“…The investigation of the dynamics of a gas during evaporation and condensation is a classical problem of the kinetic theory of gases [2], there has been a huge number of papers solving the full Boltzmann equation or an appropriate model equation. With a few exceptions [5], very little has been said about the boundary conditions at the interphase and their influence on the solution of the Boltzmann equation governing the gas phase. The usual approach is to assume a Maxwellian distribution for the evaporated molecules and diffuse or specular reflection, or a combination, for the reflected molecules.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boundary condition at a gas-liquid interphase

Meland¹,

Ytrehus²

2001

AIP Conference Proceedings

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We have used a molecular dynamics simulation to determine the velocity distributions at equilibrium for molecules evaporated from the liquid and for molecules incoming from the gas reflected in the interphase. The evaporated molecules have a larger velocity normal to the interphase than might be expected, the evaporation distribution resembles a Maxwellian with outward drift-velocity of the order of the thermal velocity. The distribution for the reflected molecules is similar to a drifting Maxwellian toward the interphase with a velocity shift of the order of the thermal velocity. Not even for equilibrium can reflection be interpreted as specular reflection, diffuse reflection or a combination of both, since it would imply in all cases a Maxwellian with zero drift velocity. We believe significant modifications to the boundary conditions used in the kinetic theory approach to evaporation and condensation are warranted. We discuss two possible representations of new boundary conditions.

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“…4 All those calculations were for a unity condensation coefficient. Cercignani et al 5 used the moment method with nonunity condensation coefficient and specular reflection, but the criterion for the inverted temperature gradient did not change much when the condensation coefficient was varied from 0 to 1. However, Ytrehus 6 reached a different conclusion.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Dependence of the inverted temperature gradient phenomenon on the condensation coefficient

Meland

Ytrehus

2004

Physics of Fluids

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The paradox of the inverted temperature profiles between an evaporating and a condensing surface

Cited by 50 publications

References 7 publications

Liquid temperature dependence of kinetic boundary condition at vapor–liquid interface

Liquid temperature dependence of kinetic boundary condition at vapor–liquid interface

Boundary condition at a gas-liquid interphase

Dependence of the inverted temperature gradient phenomenon on the condensation coefficient

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