The paradox of fairness: The impact of escalating complexity on fishery management

Healey, M. C.; Hennessey, Timothy M.

doi:10.1016/s0308-597x(97)00037-7

Cited by 37 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In these fisheries, despite the focus on the bioecological component of sustainability, management systems have frequently failed to achieve the desired outcomes. Ongoing effort creep has also led, in some jurisdictions, to an escalating complexity of rules as regulators try to close off the loopholes, leading to confusion and making enforcement difficult (Healey and Hennessey 1998). Resolving these challenges requires major changes that include a precautionary approach to management (FAO 1996), more transparent and participatory management, and a greater emphasis on incentives and rights for fishers (Maguire 2003).…”

Section: Failures Of Traditional Commercial Fisheries Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incentive-based approaches to sustainable fisheries

Grafton

Árnason

Bjørndal

et al. 2006

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

347

239

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Abstract:The failures of traditional target-species management have led many to propose an ecosystem approach to fisheries to promote sustainability. The ecosystem approach is necessary, especially to account for fishery-ecosystem interactions, but by itself is not sufficient to address two important factors contributing to unsustainable fisheries: inappropriate incentives bearing on fishers and the ineffective governance that frequently exists in commercial, developed fisheries managed primarily by total-harvest limits and input controls. We contend that much greater emphasis must be placed on fisher motivation when managing fisheries. Using evidence from more than a dozen natural experiments in commercial fisheries, we argue that incentive-based approaches that better specify community and individual harvest or territorial rights and price ecosystem services and that are coupled with public research, monitoring, and effective oversight promote sustainable fisheries. 710 Résumé : Les échecs des aménagements traditionnels centrés sur les espèces-cibles ont incité plusieurs chercheurs à proposer des approches halieutiques basées sur les écosystèmes pour favoriser les pêches durables. L'approche écosys-témique est nécessaire, en particulier, pour tenir compte des interactions pêche-écosystème; elle ne suffit pas, cependant, par elle-même pour régler deux facteurs importants qui contribuent à rendre les pêches non durables : les incitations insuffisantes pour les pêcheurs et la gestion inefficace souvent présente dans les pêches commerciales déve-loppées qui sont régies principalement par des limites à la récolte totale et par des contrôles d'entrée. Nous croyons qu'on doit mettre beaucoup plus l'accent sur la motivation des pêcheurs dans la gestion de la pêche. En utilisant des données provenant de plus d'une douzaine d'expériences naturelles de pêche commerciale, nous cherchons à démontrer que des approches fondées sur les incitations qui précisent mieux la communauté, les récoltes individuelles et les droits territoriaux et qui évaluent aussi financièrement les services de l'écosystème, couplées avec de la recherche gouvernementale, de la surveillance et de la gestion efficace, promeuvent les pêches commerciales durables.[Traduit par la Rédaction] Grafton et al.

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Section: Failures Of Traditional Commercial Fisheries Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incentive-based approaches to sustainable fisheries

Grafton

Árnason

Bjørndal

et al. 2006

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

347

239

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“…Even with the rapid changes in the level of complexity (Healey and Hennessey 1998;Lane and Stephenson 1999) and the uncertainty (Charles 1998;Cochrane 1999) of the environment in which Belgian sea fisheries operate, fisheries management in Belgium is still mainly based on restrictive policy instruments (often imposed by the European Union) founded in the biological approach of fisheries management science. Since they will continue to play an important role, this study policy instruments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of restrictive policy instruments on Belgian fishing fleet dynamics

Stouten

Heene

Gellynck

et al. 2008

Aquat. Living Resour.

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-Even with the rapid changes in the level of complexity and the uncertainty of the environment in which Belgian sea fisheries operate, fisheries management in Belgium is still mainly based on restrictive policy instruments founded in the biological approach of fisheries management science. Since they will continue to play an important role, this paper evaluated changes in three restrictive policy instruments and their effect on future fleet performance and dynamics, i.e. maximum fishing days, total quota-restrictions and licences. These effects are tested through scenarios in a microeconomic simulation model, including sensitivity analysis. This study opts for a dynamic simulation model based on a microeconomic approach of fleet dynamics using system dynamics as a modelling technique (operational base: Vensim r DSS). The results indicated that changes in maximum fishing days and total quota resulted in higher fluctuations in fleet performance and dynamics compared to changes in licences. Furthermore, changes in maximum fishing days and total quota had a direct impact on fleet performance, though not always as expected, whereas licences only affected fleet performance indirectly since they only limit the entry of new vessels to the fleet and they can block the growth of successful sub fleets. The outcomes of this study are translated into practical recommendations for improving fisheries management. Firstly, policy makers need to be more aware of misperceptions of feedback. Secondly, the results proved that altering only one type of restrictive policy instrument at a time often fails to meet desired outcomes. Therefore, policy makers need to find a balance in combining policy instruments. Finally, this paper opens the discussion on the future value of restrictive policy instruments in the rapidly changing, complex and uncertain fisheries environment. It suggests rethinking their use from "preserving a status quo and social peace" toward a driving factor in "stimulating fleet dynamics".

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“…Healey and Hennessey [48] attributed the failure of modern fisheries management to increasing complexity, and the issue has been further explored by Cochrane [68] and discussed by the NMFS [69]. Increasing complexity can seriously hamper compliance, enforcement, and the logistics of management, but not necessarily council decision-making.…”

Section: Conflicts Of Interest and Poor Representationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…' Management by 'immediate' stakeholders is bound to fail because they have vested interests that maximize short-term returns for themselves at the expense of longterm sustainability for the general public [15,22]. This seems to occur even when broad spectrums of technical and legal safeguards are in place, as in the complex regulatory matrix of US Fisheries Management [48]. Of course, all stakeholders are legitimate 'owners,' but the 'immediate' stakeholder decision-makers are either a small subset of the total pool of 'owners,' or they are altogether different than the true and rightful 'owners' (in cases of traditional rights).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membership of the eight Regional Fishery Management Councils in the United States: are special interests over-represented?

Okey

2003

Marine Policy

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The paradox of fairness: The impact of escalating complexity on fishery management

Cited by 37 publications

References 7 publications

Incentive-based approaches to sustainable fisheries

Incentive-based approaches to sustainable fisheries

The effect of restrictive policy instruments on Belgian fishing fleet dynamics

Membership of the eight Regional Fishery Management Councils in the United States: are special interests over-represented?

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