The Paradox of AssimilationChildren of Filipino Immigrants in San Diego

Espiritu, Yến Lê; Wolf, Diane L.

doi:10.1525/california/9780520230118.003.0006

Cited by 35 publications

(64 citation statements)

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“…However, these immigrants encountered employment barriers such as new licensure requirements, extensive recertification processes, or workplace racism (Lee, 2015). As a result, many professionals arriving in the U.S. experienced downward occupational mobility, such as Philippinetrained nurses who found themselves working as nurse's aides or lab technicians rather than nurses (Espiritu & Wolf, 2001). Many immigrants take supplementary courses or pursue additional degrees in order to meet licensure requirements to work in their fields despite extensive training prior to arriving in the U.S.…”

Section: From Historical Immigration To Present-day Communities and Ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Immigrants tend to reflect the socioeconomic and educational backgrounds of their sponsors; therefore, the constant influx of individuals ranging from low-wage job workers to professionals account for the economic diversity of the current Filipino American population (Espiritu & Wolf, 2001;Lai & Arguelles, 1998). Changes in the demographic composition of Filipino immigrants over the four waves of immigration has characterized today's Filipinos as having higher levels of assimilation, acculturation, and socioeconomic status compared to other immigrants (Bankston, 2006;Espiritu & Wolf, 2001;Pew Research Center, 2013;Wolf, 1997).…”

Section: From Historical Immigration To Present-day Communities and Ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Changes in the demographic composition of Filipino immigrants over the four waves of immigration has characterized today's Filipinos as having higher levels of assimilation, acculturation, and socioeconomic status compared to other immigrants (Bankston, 2006;Espiritu & Wolf, 2001;Pew Research Center, 2013;Wolf, 1997). Not surprisingly, Filipinos naturalize at a much higher rate than the US average and have the highest percentage of naturalized immigrants among Asian American groups (Reeves & Bennett, 2004;U.S.…”

Section: From Historical Immigration To Present-day Communities and Ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…English proficiency, a long history of exposure to American culture, and ability to adapt economically have not necessarily helped with acceptance into mainstream society. Second generation Filipino Americans have reported lower levels of self-esteem and higher levels of depression compared to other immigrant groups (Espiritu & Wolf, 2001). Filipino American youth still straddle two worlds, which inevitably influence their social, emotional, and academic skills.…”

Section: From Historical Immigration To Present-day Communities and Ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Outcomes such as education, ethnic identity, acculturation, and related issues need to be further explored (Paik et al, 2014). Despite the overall high educational attainment levels, research highlighting disparities in educational progress do exist particularly for later generations of Filipino Americans (Espiritu & Wolf, 2001;Museus & Maramba, 2011). Overall, immigrant children tend to perform better than children of native-born Americans; therefore, levels of acculturation may have an impact on later educational achievements (Portes & Rumbaut, 1990.…”

Section: From Historical Immigration To Present-day Communities and Ementioning

confidence: 99%

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Filipinos in the U.S.: Historical, Social, and Educational Experiences

Paik

Choe

Witenstein

2016

HSE

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_________________________________________________________________The purpose of this article is to better understand current Filipino American communities and their educational experiences by examining the historical and social context of their immigration to the United States. Filipinos are the second largest Asian American group with a distinct immigration history that has been complicated by centuries of colonization by Spain and later the United States. Based on an adapted model of incorporation and literature review, the article examines government policies, societal reception, co-ethnic communities, as well as other barriers and opportunities, which influenced their acculturation both before and after the Immigration Act of 1965. Government and societal reception of Filipinos have ranged from hostile to mostly neutral positions through four waves of immigration. Earlier Filipino communities were stronger often serving their economic, cultural and social needs, but have become more dispersed over time as Filipinos have become less reliant on their co-ethnic networks. Despite their overall success, there is research showing mixed educational achievement levels across later generations. The Filipino community is steadily growing and more research and support are needed for Filipino American students. Historical contexts can provide a comprehensive lens to understand current educational issues. Resumen _________________________________________________________________El propósito de este artículo es conocer mejor las actuales comunidades filipino-estadounidenses y sus experiencias educativas a través del análisis del contexto histórico y social de su inmigración a los Estados Unidos. Los filipinos son el segundo grupo cultural asiático-estadounidense más grande, con una historia inmigratoria distinta que se ha complicado debido a siglos de colonización por parte de España y más tarde Estados Unidos. Basado en un modelo adaptado de incorporación y revisión de la literatura, el artículo examina las políticas gubernamentales, la recepción social, las comunidades co-étnicas, así como otras barreras y oportunidades que influyeron en su aculturación, tanto antes como después de la Ley de Inmigración de 1965. Las posturas gubernamentales y la recepción social de las personas filipinas han oscilado desde posiciones hostiles a actitudes más neutrales a lo largo de cuatro olas de inmigración. Las primeras comunidades filipinas se mantuvieron fuertes cubriendo sus necesidades económicas, culturales y sociales pero con el tiempo se han vuelto más dispersas ya que los filipinos y filipinas se muestran menos dependientes de sus redes co-étnicas. A pesar de su éxito global, hay investigaciones que muestran que han alcanzado niveles educativos mixtos a lo largo de las generaciones posteriores. La comunidad filipina está creciendo de manera constante y es necesario realizar más investigaciones y aportar apoyo a los y las estudiantes filipino-estadounidenses. Estos contextos históricos pueden proporcionar instrumentos ...

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Section: From Historical Immigration To Present-day Communities and Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: From Historical Immigration To Present-day Communities and Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: From Historical Immigration To Present-day Communities and Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: From Historical Immigration To Present-day Communities and Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: From Historical Immigration To Present-day Communities and Ementioning

confidence: 99%

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Filipinos in the U.S.: Historical, Social, and Educational Experiences

Paik

Choe

Witenstein

2016

HSE

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The factor structure of a short acculturation scale for Filipino Americans in an adult U.S.‐born sample

Cruz

Vindua

2018

Journal Community Psychology

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The influx of non‐European immigrants since 1965 ushered the development and use of acculturation measures in immigrant health studies. A Short Acculturation Scale for Filipino Americans (ASASFA) represents a validated, unidirectional ethnic‐specific measure used with first‐generation FAs. ASASFA's psychometric properties with adult U.S.‐born children—the second generation—remain unexplored. This study determined (a) the factor structure of ASASFA with adult U.S.‐born FAs and (b) the predictors of their acculturation scores. A secondary analysis was conducted on ASASFA data from a mental health survey of 116 U.S.‐born FAs. Exploratory factor and parallel analyses showed a two‐factor solution: language use and preference (Factor 1) and ethnic social relations (Factor 2). Ordinary least squares regression indicated gender and ethnic self‐identification predict Factor 1 scores; self‐identification solely predicts Factor 2 scores. Results demonstrate ASASFA's validity and parsimony, supporting its use in FA health studies when lengthy bidirectional acculturation measures become impractical.

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Strategic Identity Negotiation

Nguyen¹,

Stritikus²

2012

The Immigration &Amp; Education Nexus

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The Paradox of AssimilationChildren of Filipino Immigrants in San Diego

Cited by 35 publications

References 0 publications

Filipinos in the U.S.: Historical, Social, and Educational Experiences

Filipinos in the U.S.: Historical, Social, and Educational Experiences

The factor structure of a short acculturation scale for Filipino Americans in an adult U.S.‐born sample

Strategic Identity Negotiation

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