The PANDORA project: an experimental setup for measuring in-plasma β-decays of astrophysical interest

Busso, M.; Mengoni, A.; Amaducci, S.; Castro, G.; Celona, L.; Cosentino, Gianluigi; Cristallo, S.; Finocchiaro, P.; Galatà, A.; Gammino, S.; Massimi, C.; Maggiore, M.; Mauro, G. S.; Mazzaglia, M.; Naselli, E.; Odorici, F.; Palmerini, S.; Santonocito, D.; Torrisi, G.

doi:10.1051/epjconf/202022701013

Cited by 17 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In this way we estimated the measurability of several physic cases, such as the Lutetium 176 Lu, where a γ at 306.78 keV is emitted, and the simulation results show that for the variations of the lifetime expected from the theory in our laboratory plasmas, we expect that a measure lasting from tens of days to a couple of months is needed in order to obtain a 3σ level of confidence. Similar considerations and plots have been performed also for the other physics cases of interest for PANDORA (see also [11] for other details).…”

Section: Isotopes Decay Taggingmentioning

confidence: 77%

Nuclear β-decays in plasmas: how to correlate plasma density and temperature to the activity

et al. 2020

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Magnetized plasmas in compact traps may become experimental environments for the investigation of nuclear beta-decays of astrophysical interest. In the framework of the project PANDORA (Plasmas for Astrophysics, Nuclear Decays Observation and Radiation for Archaeometry) the research activities are devoted to demonstrate the feasibility of an experiment aiming at measuring lifetimes of radionuclides of astrophysical interest when changing the charge state distribution of the in-plasma ions and the other plasma parameters such as density and temperature. This contribution describes the multidiagnostics setup now available at INFN-LNS, which allows unprecedented investigations of magnetoplasmas properties in terms of density, temperature and charge state distribution (CSD). The setup includes an interfero-polarimeter for total plasma density measurement, a multi-X-ray detectors system for X-ray spectroscopy (including time resolved spectroscopy), an X-ray pin-hole camera for high-resolution 2D space resolved spectroscopy, a two-pin plasma-chamber immersed antenna for the detection of plasma radio-self-emission, and different spectrometers for the plasma-emitted visible light characterization. The setup is also suitable for other studies of astrophysical interest, such as turbulent plasma regimes dominated by the so-called Cyclotron Maser Instability, which is a typical kinetic turbulence occurring in astrophysical objects like magnetized stars, brown dwarfs, etc. A description of recent results about plasma parameters characterization in quiescent and turbulent Electron Cyclotron Resonanceheated plasmas will be given. *

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Section: Isotopes Decay Taggingmentioning

confidence: 77%

Nuclear β-decays in plasmas: how to correlate plasma density and temperature to the activity

et al. 2020

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“…S2 of SM. We stress that in TY's study the effect of the excited nuclear dynamics on the β decay rates was estimated via the log(f t) values for general β transitions of given forbiddance, typically derived from systematics, as experimental measurements are still unattainable in astrophysical conditions [6,7]. At odds with our calculations, neither TY include in their estimate the electronic DOF, nor they calculate the nuclear matrix elements from first-principles.…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Presolar sturdust offers a view on the isotopic admixture of heavy elements, readily translated into precise constraints to stellar processes [5]. Unfortunately, experiments reproducing astrophysical conditions in ionized plasmas to measure decay rates are still in their infancy [6,7].…”

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confidence: 99%

Theoretical estimate of the half-life for the radioactive $^{134}$Cs and $^{135}$Cs in astrophysical scenarios

Taioli,

Vescovi,

Busso

et al. 2021

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We analyze the 134 55 Cs→ 134 56 Ba and 135 55 Cs→ 135 56 Ba β − decays, which are crucial production channels for Ba isotopes in Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars. We reckon, from relativistic quantum mechanis, the effects of multichannel scattering onto weak decays, including nuclear and electronic excited states populated above 10 keV, for both parent and daughter nuclei. We find a significant increase (by more than a factor 3 for 134 Cs) of the half-lives with respect to previous recommendations [1,2], and we discuss our method in view of these last calculations based on general systematics. The major impact on half-lives comes from nuclear excited state decays, while including electronic temperatures yields a ≈ 20% increase, at energies typical of low-and intermediate-mass AGB stars (M 8M ). Our predictions strongly modify branching ratios along the s-process path, and allow nucleosynthesis models to account well for the isotopic admixtures of Ba in presolar SiC grains.

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“…In the framework of the Plasmas for Astrophysics, Nuclear Decays Observation and Radiation for Archaeometry (PANDORA) project [3], the multi-diagnostic system will equip an innovative compact and flexible magnetic plasma trap to measure the nuclear β-decay rates of nuclear astrophysics interest, for the first time, in laboratory plasmas [4]. On the other hand, plasma diagnostics plays a crucial role in some applications, i.e., for the development and the improvement of future ECR ion sources (ECRISs) that can produce beams of highly charged ions with the high intensity and stability that are necessary for accelerators in applied and nuclear physics research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative Analytical Method for X-ray Imaging and Space-Resolved Spectroscopy of ECR Plasmas

et al. 2021

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At the Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics-Southern National Laboratory (INFN-LNS), and in collaboration with the ATOMKI laboratories, an innovative multi-diagnostic system with advanced analytical methods has been designed and implemented. This is based on several detectors and techniques (Optical Emission Spectroscopy, RF systems, interfero-polarimetry, X-ray detectors), and here we focus on high-resolution, spatially resolved X-ray spectroscopy, performed by means of a X-ray pin-hole camera setup operating in the 0.5–20 keV energy domain. The diagnostic system was installed at a 14 GHz Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR) ion source (ATOMKI, Debrecen), enabling high-precision, X-ray, spectrally resolved imaging of ECR plasmas heated by hundreds of Watts. The achieved spatial and energy resolutions were 0.5 mm and 300 eV at 8 keV, respectively. Here, we present the innovative analysis algorithm that we properly developed to obtain Single Photon-Counted (SPhC) images providing the local plasma-emitted spectrum in a High-Dynamic-Range (HDR) mode, by distinguishing fluorescence lines of the materials of the plasma chamber (Ti, Ta) from plasma (Ar). This method allows for a quantitative characterization of warm electrons population in the plasma (and its 2D distribution), which are the most important for ionization, and to estimate local plasma density and spectral temperatures. The developed post-processing analysis is also able to remove the readout noise that is often observable at very low exposure times (msec). The setup is now being updated, including fast shutters and trigger systems to allow simultaneous space and time-resolved plasma spectroscopy during transients, stable and turbulent regimes.

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The PANDORA project: an experimental setup for measuring in-plasma β-decays of astrophysical interest

Cited by 17 publications

References 4 publications

Nuclear β-decays in plasmas: how to correlate plasma density and temperature to the activity

Nuclear β-decays in plasmas: how to correlate plasma density and temperature to the activity

Theoretical estimate of the half-life for the radioactive $^{134}$Cs and $^{135}$Cs in astrophysical scenarios

Innovative Analytical Method for X-ray Imaging and Space-Resolved Spectroscopy of ECR Plasmas

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