The Paleogene Period

Speijer, Robert P.; Pälike, Heiko; Hollis, Christopher J.; Hooker, J. J.; Ogg, James G.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-824360-2.00028-0

Cited by 98 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 270 publications

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“…A more recently discovered and still poorly known avifauna comes from bone beds of the Fisher/Sullivan site of the Nanjemoy Formation in Virginia, east of Fredericksburg, Stafford County (Weems and Grimsley 1999). The fossils are from strata that were deposited in a shallow marine environment and stem from zone 11 of Bed B of the Potapaco Member, which is assigned to the calcareous nannofossil zone NP 11 and therefore has an age of about 53-54 million years (Weems and Grimsley 1999;Speijer et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New bird remains from the early Eocene Nanjemoy Formation of Virginia (USA), including the first records of the Messelasturidae, Psittacopedidae, and Zygodactylidae from the Fisher/Sullivan site

2021

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We report new avian remains from the early Eocene Nanjemoy Formation of the Fisher/Sullivan site in Virginia, USA. The fossil material includes the first records of the Messelasturidae, Psittacopedidae, and Zygodactylidae from the Nanjemoy Formation, with these taxa being widespread and fairly common in coeval North American and European sites. Psittacopedidae and Zygodactylidae are stem group representatives of the Passeriformes, and a tibiotarsus assigned to the Psittacopedidae is unusual in that it lacks a supratendinal bridge (this bridge is, however, also absent in the psittacopedid taxon Pumiliornis). We further report more material of the Charadriiformes and corroborate a previous tentative referral of a tarsometatarsus to the Parvicuculidae. It is noted that this latter bone is likewise very similar to the tarsometatarsus of the Fluvioviridavidae, which indicates close affinities between the two higher-level clades. Because of the comparatively small extent of the new avian material, it is remarkable that it includes a comparatively high number of fossils that represent previously unknown taxa. This supports the hypothesis that early Eocene avifaunas featured a high taxonomic diversity, but that higher-level clades showed low species richness. We hypothesise that this may indicate low rates of cladogenetic diversification in a rather homogenous paleoenvironment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New bird remains from the early Eocene Nanjemoy Formation of Virginia (USA), including the first records of the Messelasturidae, Psittacopedidae, and Zygodactylidae from the Fisher/Sullivan site

2021

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“…The base of this bioevent marks the lower boundary of the CNO1 Zone of Agnini et al (2014). The base of the Rupelian stage (Oligocene) corresponds to the extinction of Hantkeninidae planktonic foraminifera (Speijer et al, 2020). This GSSP level was identified ca.…”

Section: Chirkey Sectionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Stratigraphy, Sedimentology and Geochemistry of the Oligocene – Lower Miocene Maikop Group in Dagestan, Ne Caucasus

Gavrilov

Nedumov

Shchepetova

et al. 2021

Journal of Petroleum Geology

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Samples of Maikop Group sediments from the Sulak section were analysed for their contents of Mo, S, Fe, Mn, V, Ni and other elements. A stagnation coefficient (Mo/Mn x 100) was calculated and was interpreted as a measure of the intensity of anoxia in the Maikop palaeobasin. Anoxic conditions are interpreted to have reached a maximum in the Rupelian and Aquitanian during deposition of the Khadum and Riki Formations respectively. However, geochemical conditions were unstable and the oxygen concentration in the bottom waters varied widely over time. Thus, the Zuramakent Formation at the top of the Maikop Group was largely deposited in normally oxygenated conditions.

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“…The top (T) M. crassatus occurs within Chron C17n.3n and is calibrated to 38.073 ± 0.005 Ma at the Varignano section in Italy (Luciani et al, 2020) based on the Pälike et al (2006) magnetochronology. This converts to 38.0 Ma on the Westerhold et al (2014) magnetochronology, which is the current standard used in the most recent edition of the Geologic Time Scale (GTS2020; Speijer et al, 2020). The entire section studied is therefore younger than 38 Ma.…”

Section: Biostratigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper Eocene planktonic foraminifera from northern Saudi Arabia: implications for stratigraphic ranges

Wade

Aljahdali

MUFRREH

et al. 2021

J. Micropalaeontol.

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Abstract. The Rashrashiyah Formation of the Sirhan Basin in northern Saudi Arabia contains diverse assemblages of planktonic foraminifera. We examined the biostratigraphy, stratigraphic range and preservation of upper Eocene planktonic foraminifera. Assemblages are well-preserved and diverse, with 40 species and 11 genera. All samples are assigned to the Priabonian Globigerinatheka semiinvoluta Highest Occurrence Zone (E14), consistent with calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy indicating Zone CNE17. Well-preserved planktonic foraminifera assemblages from the lower part of the upper Eocene are rare worldwide. Our study provides new insights into the stratigraphic ranges of many species. We find older (Zone E14) stratigraphic occurrences of several species of Globoturborotalita previously thought to have evolved in the latest Eocene (Zone E15, E16) or Oligocene; these include G. barbula, G. cancellata, G. gnaucki, G. pseudopraebulloides, and G. paracancellata. Older stratigraphic occurrences for Dentoglobigerina taci and Subbotina projecta are also found, and Globigerinatheka kugleri occurs at a younger stratigraphic level than previously proposed. Our revisions to stratigraphic ranges indicate that the late Eocene had a higher tropical–subtropical diversity of planktonic foraminifera than hitherto reported.

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The Paleogene Period

Cited by 98 publications

References 270 publications

New bird remains from the early Eocene Nanjemoy Formation of Virginia (USA), including the first records of the Messelasturidae, Psittacopedidae, and Zygodactylidae from the Fisher/Sullivan site

New bird remains from the early Eocene Nanjemoy Formation of Virginia (USA), including the first records of the Messelasturidae, Psittacopedidae, and Zygodactylidae from the Fisher/Sullivan site

Stratigraphy, Sedimentology and Geochemistry of the Oligocene – Lower Miocene Maikop Group in Dagestan, Ne Caucasus

Upper Eocene planktonic foraminifera from northern Saudi Arabia: implications for stratigraphic ranges

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