The Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum at DSDP Site 277, Campbell Plateau, southern Pacific Ocean

Hollis, Christopher J.; Hines, Benjamin R.; Littler, Kate; Villasante-Marcos, Víctor; Kulhanek, Denise K.; Strong, C. P.; Zachos, James C; Eggins, Stephen; Northcote, Lisa C.; Phillips, Andy

doi:10.5194/cp-11-1009-2015

Cited by 50 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…These references contributed to the supporting files: Alegret et al (), Aze et al (), Bains et al (), Bornemann et al (), Bralower (), Bralower, Kelly, et al (), Bralower, Meissner, et al (), Bralower et al (), Broecker and Clark (), Broecker (), Colosimo et al (), Gutjahr et al (), Hollis et al (), Jiang and Wise (), Katz et al (), Kelly (), Kelly et al (), Kelly et al (), Larrasoana et al (), Lu et al (), Norris and Röhl (), Panchuk et al (), Penman et al (), Ravizza et al (), Röhl et al (), Slotnick et al (), Slotnick et al (), Sluijs et al (), Stap et al (), Stassen et al (), Thomas et al (), Thomas et al (1996), Thomas and Shackleton (), Turner et al (), Zachos et al (), and Zeebe et al ().…”

Section: References In Supporting Informationunclassified

Evidence for Shelf Acidification During the Onset of the Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum

Bralower

Kump

Self‐Trail

et al. 2018

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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A transect of paleoshelf cores from Maryland and New Jersey contains an ~0.19‐ to 1.61‐m‐thick interval with reduced percentages of carbonate during the onset of the Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). Outer paleoshelf cores are barren of nannofossils and correspond to two minor disconformities. Middle paleoshelf cores contain a mixture of samples devoid of nannofossils and those with rare specimens characterized by significant dissolution (i.e., etching). The magnitude of the decrease in carbonate cannot be explained by dilution by clastic material or dissolution resulting from the oxidation of organic matter during early diagenesis. The observed preservation pattern implies a shoaling of the calcite compensation depth and lysocline to the middle shelf. This reduced carbonate interval is observed during the onset of the PETM on other continental margins raising the possibility that extreme shoaling of the calcite compensation depth and lysocline was a global signal, which is more significant than in previous estimates for the PETM. An alternative scenario is that shoaling was restricted to the northwest Atlantic, enhanced by regional and local factors (eutrophication from rivers and microbial activity associated with warming) that exacerbated the impact of acidification on the shelf.

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Section: References In Supporting Informationunclassified

Evidence for Shelf Acidification During the Onset of the Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum

Bralower

Kump

Self‐Trail

et al. 2018

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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“…Site 738 has approximately remained at its present latitude (62°S) since the Eocene. Sites 264, 277, and 757 were located farther south than their current latitudes, at~50°S,~65°S, and~40°S, respectively [Hollis et al, 2015;van Hinsbergen et al, 2015;Zachos et al, 1992]. Age models for these sites are predominantly based on biostratigraphy with ages updated to the GTS2012 age scale [Bohaty et al, 2009;Huber and Quillévéré, 2005;Vandenberghe et al, 2012].…”

Section: Pelagic Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antarctic climate, Southern Ocean circulation patterns, and deep water formation during the Eocene

et al. 2017

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We assess early‐to‐middle Eocene seawater neodymium (Nd) isotope records from seven Southern Ocean deep‐sea drill sites to evaluate the role of Southern Ocean circulation in long‐term Cenozoic climate change. Our study sites are strategically located on either side of the Tasman Gateway and are positioned at a range of shallow (<500 m) to intermediate/deep (~1000–2500 m) paleowater depths. Unradiogenic seawater Nd isotopic compositions, reconstructed from fish teeth at intermediate/deep Indian Ocean pelagic sites (Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Sites 738 and 757 and Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) Site 264), indicate a dominant Southern Ocean‐sourced contribution to regional deep waters (εNd(t) = −9.3 ± 1.5). IODP Site U1356 off the coast of Adélie Land, a locus of modern‐day Antarctic Bottom Water production, is identified as a site of persistent deep water formation from the early Eocene to the Oligocene. East of the Tasman Gateway an additional local source of intermediate/deep water formation is inferred at ODP Site 277 in the SW Pacific Ocean (εNd(t) = −8.7 ± 1.5). Antarctic‐proximal shelf sites (ODP Site 1171 and Site U1356) reveal a pronounced erosional event between 49 and 48 Ma, manifested by ~2 εNd unit negative excursions in seawater chemistry toward the composition of bulk sediments at these sites. This erosional event coincides with the termination of peak global warmth following the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum and is associated with documented cooling across the study region and increased export of Antarctic deep waters, highlighting the complexity and importance of Southern Ocean circulation in the greenhouse climate of the Eocene.

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“…1a). Presently, however, most available climate data covering the late Paleocene and early Eocene are derived from sites east of the Tasmanian Gateway (Bijl et al, 2010(Bijl et al, , 2009Hollis et al, 2015Hollis et al, , 2009Sluijs et al, 2011), with the notable exception of Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Site U1356 in the south of the AAG (Bijl et al, 2013a;Pross et al, 2012). Sedimentary archives from the northwest side of the Tasmanian Gateway, such as those from the Otway Basin, southeast Australia, allow further assessment of the influence of a closed Tasmanian Gateway on regional climate evolution.…”

Section: General Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of the Paleocene–Eocene boundary in coastal strata in the Otway Basin, Victoria, Australia

Frieling

Huurdeman

Rem

et al. 2018

J. Micropalaeontol.

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Abstract. Detailed, stratigraphically well-constrained environmental reconstructions are available for Paleocene and Eocene strata at a range of sites in the southwest Pacific Ocean (New Zealand and East Tasman Plateau; ETP) and Integrated Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Site U1356 in the south of the Australo-Antarctic Gulf (AAG). These reconstructions have revealed a large discrepancy between temperature proxy data and climate models in this region, suggesting a crucial error in model, proxy data or both. To resolve the origin of this discrepancy, detailed reconstructions are needed from both sides of the Tasmanian Gateway. Paleocene-Eocene sedimentary archives from the west of the Tasmanian Gateway have unfortunately remained scarce (only IODP Site U1356), and no well-dated successions are available for the northern sector of the AAG. Here we present new stratigraphic data for upper Paleocene and lower Eocene strata from the Otway Basin, southeast Australia, on the (north)west side of the Tasmanian Gateway. We analyzed sediments recovered from exploration drilling (Latrobe-1 drill core) and outcrop sampling (Point Margaret) and performed high-resolution carbon isotope geochemistry of bulk organic matter and dinoflagellate cyst (dinocyst) and pollen biostratigraphy on sediments from the regional lithostratigraphic units, including the Pebble Point Formation, Pember Mudstone and Dilwyn Formation. Pollen and dinocyst assemblages are assigned to previously established Australian pollen and dinocyst zonations and tied to available zonations for the SW Pacific. Based on our dinocyst stratigraphy and previously published planktic foraminifer biostratigraphy, the Pebble Point Formation at Point Margaret is dated to the latest Paleocene. The globally synchronous negative carbon isotope excursion that marks the Paleocene-Eocene boundary is identified within the top part of the Pember Mudstone in the Latrobe-1 borehole and at Point Margaret. However, the high abundances of the dinocyst Apectodinium prior to this negative carbon isotope excursion prohibit a direct correlation of this regional bio-event with the quasi-global Apectodinium acme at the PaleoceneEocene Thermal Maximum (PETM; 56 Ma). Therefore, the first occurrence of the pollen species Spinizonocolpites prominatus and the dinocyst species Florentinia reichartii are here designated as regional markers for the PETM. In the Latrobe-1 drill core, dinocyst biostratigraphy further indicates that the early Eocene (∼ 56-51 Ma) sediments are truncated by a ∼ 10 Myr long hiatus overlain by middle Eocene (∼ 40 Ma) strata. These sedimentary archives from southeast Australia may prove key in resolving the model-data discrepancy in this region, and the new stratigraphic data presented here allow for detailed comparisons between paleoclimate records on both sides of the Tasmanian Gateway.

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The Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum at DSDP Site 277, Campbell Plateau, southern Pacific Ocean

Cited by 50 publications

References 92 publications

Evidence for Shelf Acidification During the Onset of the Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum

Evidence for Shelf Acidification During the Onset of the Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum

Antarctic climate, Southern Ocean circulation patterns, and deep water formation during the Eocene

Identification of the Paleocene–Eocene boundary in coastal strata in the Otway Basin, Victoria, Australia

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