The pacemaker cell of the sinoatrial node of the rabbit

Taylor, Jerome; D'Agrosa, Louis S.; Burns, Elizabeth M.

doi:10.1152/ajpheart.1978.235.4.h407

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…This idea gains further support from studies of multicellular preparations which have shown that the Eustachian ridge contains P cell types (Sherf & James, 1979;Rubenstein et al 1987) that are not morphologically different from SA node P cells (Rubenstein et al 1987). In addition, both Eustachian ridge (Rubenstein et al 1987) and SA node (Taylor et al 1978;Rubenstein et al 1987) P cells have been correlated with pacemaker activity. Latent pacemaker cells also exhibited action potentials that are similar to those recorded from multicellular Eustachian ridge pacemaker preparations (Rubenstein & Lipsius, 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of the pacemaker current (If) in latent pacemaker cells isolated from cat right atrium.

Zhou

Lipsius

1992

The Journal of Physiology

106

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SUMMARY1. Single latent pacemaker cells were isolated from the Eustachian ridge of cat right atrium using Langendorif perfusion and enzyme dispersion techniques. Wholecell patch-clamp techniques were used to study the hyperpolarization-activated inward current (If).2. All cells studied beat rhythmically. Pacemaker activity was recorded in the voltage range -68 +1 to -54 + 2 mV and its cycle length was 901 + 67 ms (72 + 5 beats min-) at 34-36 'C. Cells were elongated with tapered ends, and appeared bent or crinkled without obvious striations. Mean cell diameter and length were 7-4+05,tm and 93-1 +5-9 jtm, respectively (n = 15). Input resistance and total membrane capacitance were 22 +02 GQ and 27-8 + 3-1 pF, respectively.3. Hyperpolarizing clamp steps more negative than -50 mV elicited a timedependent increasing inward current that was maximally activated at -120 mV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of the pacemaker current (If) in latent pacemaker cells isolated from cat right atrium.

Zhou

Lipsius

1992

The Journal of Physiology

106

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“…Furthermore, the round cardiomyocytes displayed far less developed sarcomeric structure than the triangle-shaped cells. Both the small size and the little formation of the contractile apparatus are typical features for sinusnodal and atrioventricular pacemaker cells (28,29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and characterization of embryonic stem cell‐derived pacemaker and atrial cardiomyocytes

Kolossov¹,

Drobinskaya

et al. 2005

FASEB j.

101

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The aim of this study was to identify and functionally characterize cardiac subtypes during early stages of development. For this purpose, transgenic embryonic stem cells were generated using the alpha-myosin heavy chain promoter driving the expression of the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). EGFP-positive clusters of cells were first observed as early as 7 days of development, thus, even before the initiation of the contractile activity. Flow cytometry and single-cell fluorescence measurements evidenced large diversities of EGFP intensity. Patch-clamp experiments showed EGFP expression exclusively in pacemaker and atrial but not ventricular cells. The highest fluorescence intensities were detected in pacemaker-like cardiomyocytes. In accordance, multielectrode-array recordings of whole embryoid bodies confirmed that the pacemaker center coincided with strongly EGFP-positive areas. The cardiac subtypes displayed already at this early stage differential characteristics of electrical activity and ion channel expression. Thus, quantitation of the alpha-myosin heavy chain driven reporter gene expression allows identification and functional characterization of early cardiac subtypes.

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“…The pacemaking electrical activity of human pulmonary veins disconnected from the left atrium during treatment for atrial fibrillation also suggests the presence of conductive cells in these vessels 30–32 . The capacity of P cells in the sinus node to function as pacemakers has been proven on the basis of intracellular recordings of transmembrane action potentials 24–26 , 28 , 33 . Moreover, the ability of P cells outside the sinus node to initiate atrial arrhythmias has been suggested because they acquire pacemaking activity after suppression or removal of the sinus node 28 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of Specialized Conduction Cells in Human Pulmonary Veins of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

Perez-Lugones

McMahon²,

Ratliff³

et al. 2003

Cardiovasc electrophysiol

179

129

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Introduction: Depolarizations similar to those from the sinus node have been documented from the pulmonary veins after isolation procedures. We assessed the hypothesis that sinus node‐like tissue is present in the pulmonary veins of humans. Methods and Results: Pulmonary vein tissue was obtained from five autopsies (four individuals with a history of atrial fibrillation and one without a history of atrial arrhythmias) and five transplant heart donors. Autopsy veins were fixed in formaldehyde and processed for light microscopy to identify areas having possible conductive‐like tissue. Areas requiring additional study were extracted from paraffin blocks and reprocessed for electron microscopy. Donor specimens were fixed in formaldehyde for histologic sections and glutaraldehyde for electron microscopy. Myocardial cells with pale cytoplasm were identified by light microscopy in 4 of the 5 autopsy subjects. Electron microscopy confirmed the presence of P cells, transitional cells, and Purkinje cells in the pulmonary veins of these cases. Conclusion: Our report is the first to show the presence of P cells, transitional cells, and Purkinje cells in human pulmonary veins. Whether these cells are relevant in the genesis of atrial fibrillation requires further study. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 14, pp. 803‐809, August 2003)

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The pacemaker cell of the sinoatrial node of the rabbit

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Properties of the pacemaker current (If) in latent pacemaker cells isolated from cat right atrium.

Properties of the pacemaker current (If) in latent pacemaker cells isolated from cat right atrium.

Identification and characterization of embryonic stem cell‐derived pacemaker and atrial cardiomyocytes

Evidence of Specialized Conduction Cells in Human Pulmonary Veins of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

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