The Oyster Industry in North America: a record of a brief tour of some of the centres on the Atlantic and Pacific coasts, and of a summer in Canada

Sherwood, H. P.

doi:10.1093/icesjms/6.3.361

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Historic O. lurida beds had less vertical relief and a lower habitat complexity than C. virginica reefs (Stafford 1915) and are therefore likely to differ in their function as fish habitat. That said, O. lurida is commonly likened to the European oyster O. edulis, due to its similar life history, physiology, and habitat (Elsey 1935;Sherwood 1931), and O. edulis has been observed to have significant habitat value for species in the Wadden Sea (Reise 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the historic contribution of Olympia oysters to filtration in Pacific Coast (USA) estuaries and the implications for restoration objectives

et al. 2013

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The Olympia oyster, Ostrea lurida Carpenter, was formerly widespread in many US Pacific coast estuaries. Following dramatic declines in the late 1800s and early 1900s, this species is now the focus of renewed restoration efforts. Restoration is undertaken for brood stock rehabilitation as well as a range of ecosystem services such as filtration; however, these ecosystem services are as yet poorly quantified. We present the first laboratory measurements of filtration rates (FR) for O. lurida, to which we fit a model of FR as a function of dry tissue weight and water temperature. We find that O. lurida has a FR at optimum temperature similar to previously established means across oyster species at 1 g dry tissue weight (DTW), but lower than many Crassostrea species. We also find that the allometric exponent relating FR to DTW in O. lurida is lower than the previously published mean across oyster species. Based on our derived filtration rates and historical data, we estimate the historic impact of filtration by O. lurida in five Pacific coast estuaries. We find that historic O. lurida populations did not have the capacity to filter the full volume of the estuary within the estuary residence time in any of the estuaries examined. This result is primarily driven by the low water temperatures and the short estuary residence times that typify the Pacific coast. We conclude that, unlike Crassostrea virginica Gmelin on the Atlantic and Gulf coasts, the Olympia oyster was not historically a dominant force in regulating seston concentrations at large scales in Pacific coast estuaries. Given the differences in the ecological role and habitat structure of these two oyster species, we recommend that analogies between them be drawn with caution. We discuss the implications of our results for developing restoration objectives.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the historic contribution of Olympia oysters to filtration in Pacific Coast (USA) estuaries and the implications for restoration objectives

et al. 2013

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“…Since most estuaries on this coast are dominated by soft sediments, oysters in natural estuaries in the past would have been limited to settling on each other or small bits of gravel or shell. Prior to European settlement of this coast, native oysters formed extensive biogenic beds in various estuaries, but these were mostly depleted by the early 1900s [ 17 , 46 ]. These beds form when oysters settle on live or dead oyster shells, and may take centuries to form [ 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping oysters on the Pacific coast of North America: A coast-wide collaboration to inform enhanced conservation

et al. 2022

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To conserve coastal foundation species, it is essential to understand patterns of distribution and abundance and how they change over time. We synthesized oyster distribution data across the west coast of North America to develop conservation strategies for the native Olympia oyster (Ostrea lurida), and to characterize populations of the non-native Pacific oyster (Magallana gigas). We designed a user-friendly portal for data entry into ArcGIS Online and collected oyster records from unpublished data submitted by oyster experts and from the published literature. We used the resulting 2,000+ records to examine spatial and temporal patterns and made an interactive web-based map publicly available. Comparing records from pre-2000 vs. post-2000, we found that O. lurida significantly decreased in abundance and distribution, while M. gigas increased significantly. Currently the distribution and abundance of the two species are fairly similar, despite one species being endemic to this region since the Pleistocene, and the other a new introduction. We mapped the networks of sites occupied by oysters based on estimates of larval dispersal distance, and found that these networks were larger in Canada, Washington, and southern California than in other regions. We recommend restoration to enhance O. lurida, particularly within small networks, and to increase abundance where it declined. We also recommend restoring natural biogenic beds on mudflats and sandflats especially in the southern range, where native oysters are currently found most often on riprap and other anthropogenic structures. This project can serve as a model for collaborative mapping projects that inform conservation strategies for imperiled species or habitats.

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“…The presence of smaller oysters <35 mm may be indicative of recent successful recruitment, although the lack of modes in the lefthand limb of the distributions suggest that these have not been large recruitment events. Postsettlement growth is slow, with 4-5 y required to achieve sizes of approximately 50 mm (Sherwood 1931). Three to four years are required to reach sizes of 35-45 mm in Washington State (Couch & Hassler 1989) and little growth occurs thereafter (Baker 1995).…”

Section: Biological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pollution from pulp mills and antifouling paints have been implicated in declines of Olympia oyster populations in Washington State (White et al 2009) and these factors may have contributed to declines or prevented recovery of BC stocks, particularly in the Strait of Georgia; areas of the west coast of Vancouver Island that support Olympia oyster populations offer more pristine conditions. Stafford (1917) and Sherwood (1931) described oyster culture in the early 1930s at Crescent Beach (¼White Rock) BC. Low dikes were constructed of concrete or creosoted timbers to provide standing water, which protected the oysters from temperature extremes at low tide (he also mentions that dike culture was not practiced at Ladysmith, implying that no other site in BC used dikes).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Status of the Olympia Oyster,Ostrea luridaCarpenter 1864, in British Columbia, Canada

Gillespie

2009

Journal of Shellfish Research

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The Oyster Industry in North America: a record of a brief tour of some of the centres on the Atlantic and Pacific coasts, and of a summer in Canada

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Quantifying the historic contribution of Olympia oysters to filtration in Pacific Coast (USA) estuaries and the implications for restoration objectives

Quantifying the historic contribution of Olympia oysters to filtration in Pacific Coast (USA) estuaries and the implications for restoration objectives

Mapping oysters on the Pacific coast of North America: A coast-wide collaboration to inform enhanced conservation

Status of the Olympia Oyster,Ostrea luridaCarpenter 1864, in British Columbia, Canada

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