The Oxygen–Ozone Adjunct Medical Treatment According to the Protocols from the Italian Scientific Society of Oxygen–Ozone Therapy: How Ozone Applications in the Blood Can Influence Clinical Therapy Success via the Modulation of Cell Biology and Immunity

Abstract

Background. Ozone is an allotrope of oxygen whose use in medicine has rapidly grown in recent years. Ozonated blood allows for the use of ozone in a safe modality, as plasma and blood cells are endowed with an antioxidant system able to quench ozone’s pro-oxidant property and to elicit the Nrf2/Kwap1/ARE pathway. Methods. We present two clinical studies, a case-series (six patients) observational study adopting ozone as a major autohemotherapy and topical ozone to address infected post-surgical wounds with multi-drug resistant bacteria and an observational study (250 patients) using ozonated blood for treating knee osteoarthritis. Results. Ozonated blood via major autohemotherapy reduced the extent of infections in wounds, reduced the inflammatory biomarkers by more than 75% and improved patients’ QoL, whereas ozonated blood via minor autohemotherapy improved significantly (p < 0.001) WOMAC and Lequesne’s parameters in knee osteoarthritis. Conclusions. The models described, i.e., ozone autohemotherapy in wound antimicrobial treatment and ozonated blood in knee osteoarthrosis, following our protocols, share the outstanding ability of ozone to modulate the innate immune response and address bacterial clearance as well as inflammation and pain.

Chemical Variations Induced by Ozonization of 5% Glucose Solution and Evaluation of Generated Compounds

“…OT is a safe complementary therapy that can be practiced independently or in conjunction with other standard therapies [2,3,7,12]. However, the procedure required for the SOT can be complicated by certain conditions that may arise in patients, such as poor vein asset or anemia.…”

“…Ozone therapy (OT) is a well-described medical practice based on official protocols and widely used as a complementary therapy [1][2][3][4]. OT can be administered locally or systemically.…”

“…OT can be administered locally or systemically. Local administration entails a direct injection of a well-defined mixture of oxygen-ozone gas into the targeted site, while systemic therapy requires intravenous infusion [3][4][5]. The most extensively researched method for systemic OT is systemic ozone therapy (SOT), which involves extracting a sample of 100-200 mL of the patient's blood.…”

Ozone Therapy in the Integrated Treatment of Female Dogs with Mammary Cancer: Oxidative Profile and Quality of Life

“…Regarding the leukocyte counts, leukopenia was found in the CG animals, as expected, while a significant increase in total leukocytes and segmented neutrophils was identified in the animals that underwent weekly minor ozonated autohemotherapy. Ozone, through the transient action of H 2 O 2 , has a long-lasting and delayed action on polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and other antioxidants, acting as a modulator of the immune system by inducing the production of cytokines in neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes, which can cause leukocytosis and activation of leukocytes [ 9 , 44 , 45 ]. However, it is worth highlighting that, in the present study, the increase in total leukocyte and segmented neutrophil counts did not characterize leukocytosis, given that the values observed were within the reference range for the species, even during the nadir of the drug, when evident leukopenia was expected.…”