The Ovine Stifle as a Model for Human Cruciate Ligament Surgery

Radford, W. J. P.; Amis, Andrew A.; Stead, A. C.

doi:10.1055/s-0038-1632518

Cited by 28 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Results of this study support use of the ovine stifle joint as a biomechanical model for human knee dynamics, along with other previously reported studies (Radford, Amis et al 1996; Osterhoff, Löffler et al 2011), as the loaded structures in the knee during stance are similar between species. Concurrent studies in our lab may further validate the ovine model by investigating knee ligament strains and kinematic response to injury.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…We have chosen to use the ovine model because prior work has shown that the ovine stifle is a valid surgical model for the human knee (Radford, Amis et al 1996; Allen, Houlton et al 1998) and is a suitable experimental model for studying various orthopaedic conditions and treatments for the knee (Dürselen, Claes et al 1996; Edwards, Whittle et al 1996; Oakley, Lassere et al 2004; Lu, Markel et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Primary and secondary restraints of human and ovine knees for simulated in vivo gait kinematics

Nesbitt

Herfat

Boguszewski

et al. 2014

Journal of Biomechanics

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Knee soft tissue structures are frequently injured, leading to the development of osteoarthritis even with treatment. Understanding how these structures contribute to knee function during activities of daily living (ADLs) is crucial in creating more effective treatments. This study was designed to determine the role of different knee structures during a simulated ADL in both human knees and ovine stifle joints. A six degree-of-freedom robot was used to reproduce each species’ in vivo gait while measuring three-dimensional joint forces and torques. Using a semi-randomized selective cutting method, we determined the primary and secondary structures contributing to the forces and torques along and about each anatomical axis. In both species, the bony interaction, ACL, and medial meniscus provided most of the force contributions during stance, whereas the ovine MCL, human bone, and ACLs of both species were the key contributors during swing. This study contributes to our overarching goal of establishing functional tissue engineering parameters for knee structures by further validating biomechanical similarities between the ovine model and the human to provide a platform for measuring biomechanics during an in vivo ADL. These parameters will be used to develop more effective treatments for knee injuries to reduce or eliminate the incidence of osteoarthritis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary and secondary restraints of human and ovine knees for simulated in vivo gait kinematics

Nesbitt

Herfat

Boguszewski

et al. 2014

Journal of Biomechanics

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“…The sheep and goat have commonly been chosen as animal models for the knee [30][31][32][33] because of anatomical [34][35][36][37] and mechanical [38][39][40][41] similarities to human ACLs. These sheep were obtained from the Michigan Livestock Exchange, various farms in the area or intra-university transfer.…”

Section: Animal Model and Animal Carementioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Engineered Bone–Ligament–Bone Constructs for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Replacement

Smietana

Kostrominova

et al. 2012

Tissue Engineering Part A

114

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The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), a major stabilizer of the knee, is commonly injured. Because of its intrinsic poor healing ability, a torn ACL is usually reconstructed by a graft. We developed a multi-phasic, or boneligament-bone, tissue-engineered construct for ACL grafts using bone marrow stromal cells and sheep as a model system. After 6 months in vivo, the constructs increased in cross section and exhibited a well-organized microstructure, native bone integration, a functional enthesis, vascularization, innervation, increased collagen content, and structural alignment. The constructs increased in stiffness to 52% of the tangent modulus and 95% of the geometric stiffness of native ACL. The viscoelastic response of the explants was virtually indistinguishable from that of adult ACL. These results suggest that our constructs after implantation can obtain physiologically relevant structural and functional characteristics comparable to those of adult ACL. They present a viable option for ACL replacement.

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“…These animals are considered appropriate for studying most healing responses. Additionally, the anatomy and biomechanics of the ovine and caprine stifle joints have been characterized with reference to their use as models of the human knee [11,17]. The rabbit and primate models have been used to a lesser extent to study ligament biomechanics and reconstructions [5,7,14].…”

Section: Appropriate Models To Study Knee Biomechanicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro testing protocols for the cruciate ligaments and ligament reconstructions

Beynnon¹,

Amis

1998

Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy

109

104

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The techniques that have been used to characterize the biomechanical behavior of the knee, cruciate ligaments, and cruciate ligament replacements differ, making comparisons between studies difficult or, at times, impossible. Therefore, it is important to standardize the testing protocols and techniques that describe the biomechanical behavior of the knee and cruciate ligaments. This will allow investigators to express opinions with respect to the interpretation of data, rather than based on differences between testing techniques. Standardized techniques are proposed to locate the origins of the tibial and femoral coordinate systems, and thus, allow comparisons of knee kinematics (e.g., displacements and rotations) between investigations. Standard techniques that can be used to measure the load-displacement behavior of the knee are described, and important considerations that should be appreciated with respect to preparing and testing of the joint are summarized. It is important to evaluate the single cycle load-to-failure characteristics and the cyclic loading response of an anterior cruciate ligament graft, and techniques to evaluate cruciate ligament graft fixation are proposed. The strengths of different models to characterize the biomechanical behavior of the knee are reviewed.

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The Ovine Stifle as a Model for Human Cruciate Ligament Surgery

Cited by 28 publications

References 17 publications

Primary and secondary restraints of human and ovine knees for simulated in vivo gait kinematics

Primary and secondary restraints of human and ovine knees for simulated in vivo gait kinematics

Three-Dimensional Engineered Bone–Ligament–Bone Constructs for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Replacement

In vitro testing protocols for the cruciate ligaments and ligament reconstructions

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