The overview of antimicrobial peptide‐coated implants against oral bacterial infections

Abstract

Dental implants are the most common therapeutic approach for resolving tooth loss and damage. Despite technical advances in treatment, implant failure rates can be as high as 23% with the major cause of peri-implantitis: a multi-species bacterial infection. With an annual growth rate in implant placements of 8.78% per annum, implant failure caused by bacterial infection is a significant oral and general health issue. The rise in antibiotic resistance in oral bacteria further adds pressure to implant failure; thus, there is a need for adjunctive therapy to improve implant outcomes. Due to the broad spectrum of activity and a low risk of inducing bacterial resistance, peptide antibiotics are emerging as a promising implant coating material to reduce/prevent peri-implantitis and improve dental implant success rates. In this review, we summarised the current strategies of coating antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) onto dental implant material surfaces with multi-functional properties to enhance osteoblast growth and prevent bacterial infections. This review compared the recent reported literature on dental implant coating with AMPs, which will provide an overview of the current dental implant coating strategies using AMPs and insights for future clinical applications.

The effect of tailing lipidation on the bioactivity of antimicrobial peptides and their aggregation tendency

“…Synthetic N-lipidated peptides of MSI-78 (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) and pardaxin (Figure 1) were obtained by using standard automatic Fmoc/tBu solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS), followed by a manual coupling of fatty acid with N-terminal amine on the solid support. Then the peptides were cleaved from the solid support with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) treatment and purified through reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC).…”

“…[4,5] With improved antimicrobial stewardship, better incentive strategies, and economic management, AMPs and other alternative treatments can be optimized as future leading therapeutics to fight AMR. [6,7] Among many other AMPs, magainin and pardaxin show potent antimicrobial abilities. [8][9][10][11] Recently, we further characterized the potential of two leading AMP analogs, pardaxin and MSI-78 (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20), that possess greater antibacterial activity and membrane activity against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms, [12] including Escherichia coli and S. aureus as well as bacterial strains including Salmonella typhimurium and Enterococcus faecalis.…”

“…[6,7] Among many other AMPs, magainin and pardaxin show potent antimicrobial abilities. [8][9][10][11] Recently, we further characterized the potential of two leading AMP analogs, pardaxin and MSI-78 (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20), that possess greater antibacterial activity and membrane activity against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms, [12] including Escherichia coli and S. aureus as well as bacterial strains including Salmonella typhimurium and Enterococcus faecalis. Mechanistic investigation showed these lead analogs primarily operated through membrane destabilization and disruption mechanisms, as evidenced by membrane permeability and microscopy investigations.…”

“…[17,18] The N-terminal attachment of longer carbon chains, notwithstanding instances of improved AMP function and interaction with bacterial membrane bilayers over acyl chain attachment at other sites. [19,20] Thus, we undertook to modify pardaxin and MSI-78 (4-20) by using various lengths (C6-C12) of carbon chains to develop potent AMPs against bacterial pathogens, followed by toxicity, mechanistic and computational modeling investigations of all lipidated analogs of MSI-78 (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) and pardaxin . Further characterization using aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorophores and surface tension for their aggregation properties will provide a better understanding of hydrophobicity and aggregation effects on their activities for future design.…”

Functional liposome loaded curcumin for the treatment of Streptococcus mutans biofilm

“…To avoid the numerous side effects of antimicrobials, researchers have turned their attention to other methods, such as cationic antimicrobial peptides (Lin et al, 2021;Sun et al, 2023), silver nanoparticles (Nafarrate-Valdez et al, 2022), and plant extracts derived from natural plants (Smullen et al, 2012). Our research group has been committed to the application research of plant extracts for a long time.…”