The Ovarian Androgen Producing Cells: A Review of Structure/Function Relationships<sup>1</sup>,<sup>2</sup>

Erickson, Gregory F.; Magoffin, Dennis A.; Dyer, Cheryl A.; Hofeditz, Chris

doi:10.1210/edrv-6-3-371

Cited by 565 publications

(337 citation statements)

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“…The mechanisms involved in these calcium-dependent EGF effects on Sertoli cell function and the possible physiological implications are still unknown, although inhibitory effects of EGF on steroidogenesis in Leydig cells [15], ovarian interstitial cells [16] and granulosa cells [17] have been reported earlier.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of stimulatory action of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and inhibitory action of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on aromatase activity in Sertoli cells by calcium

Mallea¹,

Machado²,

Navaroli³

et al. 1987

FEBS Letters

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Aromatization of testosterone by cultured Sertoli cells isolated from immature rats was stimulated more than 7-fold by follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) or dcAMP. The effects of FSH and dcAMP could be partly inhibited by epidermal growth factor (EGF) in a dose-dependent manner (IDs0 0.5 nM). The phorbol ester 4fl-phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) could also inhibit aromatase activity in a fashion similar to EGF. When 3 mM EGTA was present in the culture medium, the inhibitory effect of EGF was abolished but the stimulatory effect of FSH or dcAMP was magnified. These results suggest that EGF exerts a negative control on aromatase via calcium and protein kinase C. The abolishment of the inhibitory effect of EGF and the enhancement of the stimulatory effect of FSH or dcAMP by a calcium deficiency may be an indication that growth factors produced by Sertoli cells negatively control FSH-induced responses in an autocrine fashion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of stimulatory action of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and inhibitory action of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on aromatase activity in Sertoli cells by calcium

Mallea¹,

Machado²,

Navaroli³

et al. 1987

FEBS Letters

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“…Having demonstrated that the celiac ganglion-SONovary system has its own neural tone in the case of progesterone release (Casais et al 2001) for a gland like corpus luteum, which is not directly innervated by the SON, it seems necessary to investigate this aspect in the theca-interstitial cells, which are producers of androstenedione (control values) since they are innervated by the neural system mentioned (Erickson et al 1985). The higher androstenedione release values were those corresponding to Day 21 of pregnancy, and when compared with this day, the androgen decreased on Day 15 after 120 min (120 min † P!0.05 and 180 min *P!0.01), and on Days 19 and 20, at all the studied times (* P!0.01).…”

Section: Ovarian Androstenedione Release By Ganglionic Cholinergic Acmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using different experimental schemes, we have demonstrated that the SON modifies the liberation of ovarian steroids in different stages of life in rats (De Bortoli et al 2000, Sosa et al 2000, Casais et al 2001, 2006, Forneris & Aguado 2002. Fibers from the SON directly innervate the theca and secondary interstitial cells and they exert an indirect action on the corpus luteum (Erickson et al 1985). Although such structure is not innervated, it possesses adrenergic b 1 and b 2 receptors, and it has been demonstrated that progesterone, its principal secretion product, is the most sensitive steroid to the neural action (Pesta et al 1994, Miszkiel & Kotwica 2001.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy in rats is modulated by ganglionic cholinergic action

Casais¹,

Delgado²,

Sosa³

et al. 2006

Reproduction

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The control of ovarian steroidogenesis during pregnancy is mainly of endocrine origin. At present, there is little information about the influence of neural factors on the gestation physiology. The purpose of this work was to study the action of cholinergic agents in celiac ganglion upon the liberation of progesterone and ovarian androstenedione in the second half of pregnancy in rats. We used the ex vivo celiac ganglion-superior ovarian nerve-ovary integrated system (celiac ganglion-SON-ovary) that was incubated in buffer solution for 180 min, with the celiac ganglion and the ovary located in different compartments and linked by the SON.The results obtained indicate that the control values of ovarian androstenedione vary according to the pregnancy day analyzed. The addition of acetylcholine in ganglion decreased the liberation of both steroids on Day 15 whereas at the end of pregnancy it decreased the liberation of androstenedione without modifying progesterone. Due to the effect observed with atropine and hexametonium, acetylcholine action might occur through unspecific ganglionic pathways (Days 15 and 21) or through muscarinic ganglionic receptors (Days 19 and 20). Thus, we conclude that the cholinergic sympathetic system from the celiac ganglion might be a fine modulator of the pregnancy physiology.

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“…3,11 Many authors have confirmed the role of insulin and IGF-I as important regulators of thecal and stromal androgen production. 12,13 Some authors have postulated that the effect of hyperinsulinemia is most likely exerted by a non-classical pathway, with a specificity spillover, i.e., the pathologically elevated insulin levels interact with many insulin-like peptide receptors, e.g., somatomedins, IGF, and relaxin, even though with low affinity accounting for the hyperandrogenism effect on the adrenals, and the muscularization which is common in all insulin resistance syndromes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hair-An Syndrome: A Report of a Misdiagnosed Case with Unfortunate Outcome

Fouda

1998

Ann Saudi Med

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The HAIR-AN syndrome, which consists of hyperandrogenism (HA), insulin resistance (IR) and acanthosis nigricans (AN), is an underdiagnosed endocrinopathy.2 Hyperandrogenic women are seen frequently in clinical practice, the challenge being to identify a cause and source of the problem. Many such patients are classified, after thorough investigations, as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The problem with this identification is that the PCOS encompasses a wide range of clinical and laboratory presentations and, therefore, classification into subgroups may help in understanding the process and thereby targeting the management in a more appropriate way. 2The HAIR-AN syndrome is an example of a unique entity with a specific molecular basis. It was thought to be a rare syndrome, but recent experience suggests that as many as 5% of hyperandrogenic women have this syndrome. 3Here we report a classical case of HAIR-AN which had an unfortunate outcome because of initial misdiagnosis. Case ReportA 20-year-old girl presented to the Endocrinology clinic with a history of being healthy until the age of 11 years, when she started experiencing right iliac fossa pain, followed by progressive change in voice, increased body and facial hair, increased pigmentation of skin, increased sweating, with heat intolerance and persistent bitemporal headache. She also noticed enlargement of hands and feet in the six years before presentation, prompting her to change shoes and watches frequently. For the previous three years, she had been experiencing polyuria and polydipsia, was told to have diabetes mellitus, and put on a diet. She had primary amenorrhea, and was put on a combination of pills which resulted in oligomenorrhea with dysmenorrhoea. She later stopped the medication.In 1990, the patient had been seen in another hospital, had been diagnosed with appendicitis, and appendectomy was performed to remove a mass found in the right iliac fossa (there was no report on the nature of the mass). In 1993, an ultrasound scan revealed a well-defined solid mass in the pelvis, suggestive of a left ovarian tumor, and the right ovary was visualized. The ovarian mass was subsequently excised. A frozen section done at the time was inconclusive. Paraffin sections did, however, show histological features consistent with a right polycystic ovary and mild hyperthecosis (Figure 1).Upon presentation to the Endocrine clinic, examination of the patient revealed a depressed girl who was not very communicative. She was about 162 cm tall, weighed 62.2 kg and had a BP of 140/80. She had a large face with big nose and macroglossia. Her hands and feet were large and bulky, with mainly soft tissue enlargement and nonpitting edema of the lower limbs. She had significant facial hirsutism with hypertrichosis over the rest of the body and coarse terminal hair over the limbs.Acanthosis nigricans was positive at the flexor surfaces, neck, axillae, cubital fossae and the base of the neck. Abdominal examination revealed the scars of the previous two operations, with no or...

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The Ovarian Androgen Producing Cells: A Review of Structure/Function Relationships¹,²

Cited by 565 publications

References 0 publications

Modulation of stimulatory action of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and inhibitory action of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on aromatase activity in Sertoli cells by calcium

Modulation of stimulatory action of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and inhibitory action of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on aromatase activity in Sertoli cells by calcium

Pregnancy in rats is modulated by ganglionic cholinergic action

The Hair-An Syndrome: A Report of a Misdiagnosed Case with Unfortunate Outcome

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The Ovarian Androgen Producing Cells: A Review of Structure/Function Relationships1,2

Cited by 565 publications

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Modulation of stimulatory action of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and inhibitory action of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on aromatase activity in Sertoli cells by calcium

Modulation of stimulatory action of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and inhibitory action of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on aromatase activity in Sertoli cells by calcium

Pregnancy in rats is modulated by ganglionic cholinergic action

The Hair-An Syndrome: A Report of a Misdiagnosed Case with Unfortunate Outcome

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The Ovarian Androgen Producing Cells: A Review of Structure/Function Relationships¹,²