The Outer Membrane of Plant Mitochondria

Mannella, Carmen A.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-70101-6_6

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…Dominant polypeptides of 30, 31, 33, 34, 47, 48 and 74 kDa are strongly enriched in the outer membrane fraction. The presence of strong bands at 30-35 and 45-50 kDa is similar to what has been reported for the outer membrane of Neurospora crassa [23,24], yeast [25] and mung bean cotyledons [8].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…This protein kinase(s) is Ca2'-dependent since the phosphorylation of histones is abolished in the presence of EGTA (results not shown). The kinase is most likely located on the outer surface of the outer membrane since histones are too large to pass the outer membrane which is impermeable to molecules larger than 5-10 kDa [8]. Consistent with this conclusion, total incorporation is most enhanced by histones in the outer membrane fraction (Table II).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

“…1) are also phospho~la~d (Fig. 3); they are probably porin since they are close to the molecular mass of the subunit of porin [8] and since they cross-react with antibodies raised against porin isolated from the outer membrane of mitochondria from Dictyostelium discoides [31]. Mannella [S] speculates that the pores in the outer membrane are open in State 4 (high ATP, low ADP) and closed in State 3 (low ATP, high ADP) due to changes in the mitochondrial structure bringing the two membranes in closer contact in State 3.…”

Section: Mwmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The only known enzyme marker is the antimycin A-insensitive NADH-cytochrome c reductase (CCR). Other markers for the outer membrane characteristic for mammalian mitochondria, such as monoamine oxidase and kynurenine hydroxylase, appear to be missing [7,8]. The outer membrane is normally considered to be freely permeable to all molecules smaller than 5-10 kDa, probably due to the presence of pores [9], and for that reason it is often ignored in studies on isolated mitochondria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The outer membrane of plant mitochondria contains a calcium‐dependent protein kinase and multiple phosphoproteins

et al. 1993

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Highly purified mitochondria from potato (S&men tuberosum L. cv. Bintje) tubers were subfractionated into a matrix fraction, an inner membrane fraction and an outer membrane fraction with minimal cross-contamination. When the matrix and inner membrane fractions were incubated with [$'P]ATP only one and three prominent phosphoproteins were detected after SDS-PAGE and autoradiography, respectively. In contrast, more than 20 phosphoproteins could be labelled in the outer membrane fraction, the main ones at 12, l&26,43, 58, 60, 65, 74 and 110 kDa. Only one band, at 18 kDa, was detectable when the labelling was done in the presence of EGTA. We conclude that the outer membrane of plant mitochondria contains at least one Ca*'-dependent protein kinase and more than 20 endogenous substrates.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Mwmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The outer membrane of plant mitochondria contains a calcium‐dependent protein kinase and multiple phosphoproteins

et al. 1993

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“…The NAD(P)H dehydrogenase facing the p-side of the inner membrane is known as the externa1 NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (M0ller and Lin, 1986). It can oxidize both NADH and NADPH generated in the cytosol, given the permeability of the outer mitochondrial membrane to molecules up to 3 kD in size (Douce, 1985;Mannella, 1985).Both of these dehydrogenases donate electrons directly to the ubiquinone pool. However, neither catalyzes the translocation of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, so the free energy released during electron transfer between NAD(P)H and ubiquinone (73 kJ/2e-) through the activity of either dehydrogenase is lost as heat and not used for ATP synthesis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Plant Mitochondrial Electron Transfer and Molecular Biology.

1995

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INTRODUCTIONAerobic respiration, a process performed by all plants, involves the controlled oxidation of metabolites containing reduced carbon to produce carbon dioxide and water as the final products (Taiz and Zeiger, 1991). Severa1 types of reduced carbon compounds, including fatty acids, organic acids, and amino acids, can serve as the primary reducing substrates for plant respiration. However, the most common substrate used by plant tissues for respiration is carbohydrate (CHpO). The complete oxidation of a carbohydrate releases a large amount of free energy, much of which is coupled to the conversion of ADP and Pi to ATI? When sucrose (Cl2H=0,1) is the substrate, aerobic respiration can be divided into three distinct phases: glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and the coupled processes of mitochondrial electron transfer and ATP synthesis. Except for glycolysis, all of the metabolic steps of aerobic respiration take place in the mitochondrion. Like mitochondria found in other eukaryotes, plant mitochondria are roughly spherical subcellular organelles that usually range from 1 to 2 pm in diameter. They are delimited by a mitochondrial envelope that consists of two phospholipid bilayers, known as the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes (Douce, 1985). The outer membrane is permeable to molecules of 3 kD or smaller (Mannella, 1985), whereas the inner membrane represents the primary physical barrier to the uptake of small molecules and ions by the organelle (Douce, 1985). The presence of two membranes separates the mitochondria into four metabolic compartments: the outer membrane, the volume between the two membranes (intermembrane space), the inner membrane, and thevolume within the inner membrane, known as the mitochondrial matrix.Glycolysis involves a series of soluble enzymes located in the cytosol that bring about the conversion of sucrose to four molecules of pyruvate and the net production of four molecules each of ATP and NADH. The pyruvate generated during glycolysis is transported from the cytosol into the mitochondria, where the enzymes of the TCA cycle oxidize it to three molecules of C02. For each molecule of sucrose oxidized by glycolysis and the TCA cycle, 12 molecules of COn, 20 molecules of NADH (16 in the mitochondria and four in the cytosol), and four molecules of FADH2 are produced. To allow continued operation of the two respiratory pathways, these two reduced coenzymes need to be reoxidized to NAD+ and FAD, respectively. This is accomplished by the mitochondrial To whom correspondence should be addressed.electron transfer chain (Figure l), which oxidizes the reduced coenzymes and transfers the resulting electrons to oxygen, producing water as the final product.For each molecule of oxygen reduced to water by the oxidation of two molecules of NADH, 435 kJ/mol is released. Roughly half of this free energy is lost as heat, but the remainder is coupled to the translocation of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane to give rise to an electrochemical proton gradient, common...

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Proteome Analyses for Characterization of Plant Mitochondria

Braun

Millar

2004

Plant Mitochondria: From Genome to Function

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The Outer Membrane of Plant Mitochondria

Cited by 8 publications

References 107 publications

The outer membrane of plant mitochondria contains a calcium‐dependent protein kinase and multiple phosphoproteins

The outer membrane of plant mitochondria contains a calcium‐dependent protein kinase and multiple phosphoproteins

Plant Mitochondrial Electron Transfer and Molecular Biology.

Proteome Analyses for Characterization of Plant Mitochondria

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