The other myeloperoxidase: Emerging functions

Vanhamme, Luc; Boudjeltia, Karim Zouaoui; Antwerpen, Pierre Van; Delporte, Cédric

doi:10.1016/j.abb.2018.03.037

Cited by 57 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 203 publications

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“…injections of control IgG), MPO activity in cecal tissue lysates was remarkably higher compared to mice that received C. difficile challenge and anti-MIF antibodies (Figure 4A). Of note, while neutrophils are the most important producers of MPO, which constitutes ~5% of the total neutrophil protein content [33], MPO can also be expressed by other innate immune cells recruited to colonic tissue after CDI including monocytes and macrophages. Since neutrophils are known to be the predominant immune cells recruited after CDI [34], the difference in MPO activity observed between the two groups could be due to relative differences in neutrophil recruitment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutralization of macrophage migration inhibitory factor improves host survival after Clostridium difficile infection

et al. 2018

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Clostridium difficile is an important cause of nosocomial diarrhea in the western world. Toxins (A, B, and binary toxins) generated by C. difficile bacteria damage intestinal epithelial cells. Hallmarks of host response to C. difficile infection (CDI) include upregulation of inflammatory mediators and tissue infiltration by immune cells. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an inflammatory cytokine that is known to enhance the host immune response to infectious pathogens. Additionally, MIF can adversely impact host survival to numerous infections. The role of MIF in the pathogenesis of CDI remains poorly understood. Here, we show that patients with CDI had significantly higher circulating MIF compared to patients who had diarrhea but tested negative for C. difficile (non-CDI controls). Similarly, in a mouse model, C. difficile challenge significantly increased levels of plasma and tissue MIF. Antibody-mediated depletion of MIF decreased C. difficile-induced inflammatory responses, clinical disease, and mortality. Together, these results uncover a potential role for MIF in exacerbating CDI and suggest that use of anti-MIF antibodies may represent a therapeutic strategy to curb host inflammatory responses and improve disease outcomes in CDI.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutralization of macrophage migration inhibitory factor improves host survival after Clostridium difficile infection

et al. 2018

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“…MPO is an enzyme that belongs to the mammalian peroxidase family and is secreted mainly by neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages, where it contributes to their bactericidal activity by producing ROS (mainly hypochlorous acid). LDL is among the biomolecular targets of MPO, which is currently proposed as a major sponsor for the formation of oxidized LDLs in vivo (13). Multiple clinical studies have also indicated that a solid association exists between serum MPO levels and acute symptoms of coronary artery disease have been found in patients with atherosclerosis (14,15).…”

Section: The Major Type(s) Of Oxidized Low-density Lipoproteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Other forms of oxidized LDL: Emerging functions (Review)

Daher

2020

World Acad Sci J

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Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease related to subendothelial accumulation of the oxidized forms of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs). The mechanisms through which LDLs are oxidized in the system remain controversial. In the present review article, an LDL oxidized by myeloperoxidase is proposed as the most pathophysiological model of LDL oxidation. This would facilitate future studies and may aid in the development of more effective methods with which to elucidate the molecular pathways that are promoted by myeloperoxidase-oxidized LDLs (Mox-LDL) in endothelial cell dysfunction and macrophage activation. This may also aid scientists in the further understanding of the molecular pathobiology of atherosclerosis and in the improvement of treatment methods. Contents

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“…Its energy is, however, quenched by carotenoids (The rate constant for 1 O2 quenching by ß-carotene is 1.1 x 10 10 M -1 s -1 [41]; for review of older literature with focus on biological systems see [42]). Lactoperoxidase is therefore implicated in the prevention of bacterial infections in breast-fed children [43], and myeloperoxidase, first described as verdoperoxidase (EC 1.11.2.2) by Anger in 1941 [44], has meanwhile been established as a major antibacterial enzyme of polymorphonuclear leukocytes [45,46] and is equally considered to favor pathological processes presumably resulting from "oxidative stress" [47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54].…”

Section: The Hydrogen Peroxide/heme Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Looking Back at the Early Times of Redox Biology

Flohé¹

2020

Preprint

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The beginnings of redox biology are recalled with special emphasis on formation, metabolism and function of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in mammalian systems. The review covers the early history of heme peroxidases and the metabolism of hydrogen peroxide, the discovery of selenium as integral part of glutathione peroxidases, which expanded the scope of the field to other hydroperoxides including lipid hydroperoxide, the discovery of superoxide dismutases and superoxide radicals in biological systems and their role in host defense, tissue damage, metabolic regulation and signaling, the identification of the endothelial-derived relaxing factor as the nitrogen monoxide radical and its physiological and pathological implications. The article highlights the perception of hydrogen peroxide and other hydroperoxides as signaling molecules, which marks the beginning of the flourishing fields of redox regulation and redox signaling. Final comments describe the development of the redox language. In the 18th and 19th century, it was highly individualized and hard to translate into modern terminology. In the 20th century, the redox language co-developed with the chemical terminology and became clearer. More recently, the introduction and inflationary use of poorly defined terms has unfortunately impaired the understanding of redox events in biological systems.

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The other myeloperoxidase: Emerging functions

Cited by 57 publications

References 203 publications

Neutralization of macrophage migration inhibitory factor improves host survival after Clostridium difficile infection

Neutralization of macrophage migration inhibitory factor improves host survival after Clostridium difficile infection

Other forms of oxidized LDL: Emerging functions (Review)

Looking Back at the Early Times of Redox Biology

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