The osteogenic inducing potential of platelet-rich fibrin on stem cells derived from bone marrow and oral mucosa

Abstract

Background Recently, attention has been directed toward the use of osteoinductive biomaterials in combination with stem cells for possible application in repair of bony defects. Blood products, namely platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), have been widely used nowadays owing to their wide range of advantages. Gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) also recently have been utilized and considered as a highly promising alternative source, eliminating a lot of the drawbacks faced by stem cells derived from the bone marrow. The present study aimed to compare the proliferative and osteogenic effect of PRF, on both GMSCs and BM-MSCs. BM-MSCs and GMSCs were cultured in osteogenic media in combination PRF for two weeks. Following culture, MTT assay was conducted to assess the proliferative capacity of both types of cells after subjection to PRF. Osteogenic differentiation was assessed by Alizarin red staining in addition to OSN and Runx2 gene expression by RT-qPCR. Results PRF proved to have a positive proliferative effect, especially on GMSCs, compared to BM-MSCs. PRF also demonstrated a positive osteogenic inductive effect on both stem cell types, but its effect seemed to be more pronounced when combined with GMSCs. Conclusions PRF proved to be a promising and potent inducer of proliferation and osteogenesis when used in combination with stem cells, especially when combined with GMSCs.