The OsmiR396c‐OsGRF4‐OsGIF1 regulatory module determines grain size and yield in rice

Li, Shuangcheng; Gao, Fengyan; Xie, Kailong; Zeng, Xiu-Hong; Cao, Ye; Zeng, Jing; He, Zhongshan; Ren, Yun; Li, Wenbo; Deng, Qi; Wang, Shiquan; Zheng, Aiping; Zhu, Jun; Liu, Huainian; Wang, Lingxia; Li, Ping

doi:10.1111/pbi.12569

Cited by 240 publications

(200 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…These characteristics are consistent with the positive functions of its targets in grain size modulation. For example, OsGRF4 positively regulates seed development and grain size (Che et al, 2015;Duan et al, 2015;Hu et al, 2015;Li et al, 2016). Thus, OsmiR396 negatively regulated grain size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The OsmiR396–OsGRF8–OsF3H‐flavonoid pathway mediates resistance to the brown planthopper in rice (Oryza sativa)

Dai

Tan

Zhou

et al. 2019

Plant Biotechnology Journal

132

118

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Summary Multi‐functional micro RNA s (mi RNA s) are emerging as key modulators of plant–pathogen interactions. Although the involvement of some mi RNA s in plant–insect interactions has been revealed, the underlying mechanisms are still elusive. The brown planthopper ( BPH ) is the most notorious rice ( Oryza sativa )‐specific insect that causes severe yield losses each year and requires urgent biological control. To reveal the mi RNA s involved in rice– BPH interactions, we performed mi RNA sequencing and identified BPH ‐responsive OsmiR396. Sequestering OsmiR396 by overexpressing target mimicry ( MIM 396) in three genetic backgrounds indicated that OsmiR396 negatively regulated BPH resistance. Overexpression of one BPH ‐responsive target gene of OsmiR396, growth regulating factor 8 ( Os GRF 8 ), showed resistance to BPH . Furthermore, the flavonoid contents increased in both the OsmiR396‐sequestered and the Os GRF 8 overexpressing plants. By analysing 39 natural rice varieties, the elevated flavonoid contents were found to correlate with enhanced BPH resistance. Artificial applications of flavonoids to wild type ( WT ) plants also increased resistance to BPH . A BPH ‐responsive flavanone 3‐hydroxylase ( OsF3H ) gene in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway was proved to be directly regulated by Os GRF 8. A genetic functional analysis of OsF3H revealed its positive role in mediating both the flavonoid contents and BPH resistance. And analysis of the genetic correlation between OsmiR396 and OsF3H showed that down‐regulation of OsF3H complemented the BPH resistance characteristic and simultaneously decreased the flavonoid contents of the MIM 396 plants. Thus, we revealed a new BPH resistance mechanism mediated by the OsmiR396–Os GRF 8–OsF3H–flavonoid pathway. Our study suggests potential applications of mi RNA s in BPH resistance breeding.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The OsmiR396–OsGRF8–OsF3H‐flavonoid pathway mediates resistance to the brown planthopper in rice (Oryza sativa)

Dai

Tan

Zhou

et al. 2019

Plant Biotechnology Journal

132

118

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“…In pea, mutations in the PPD ortholog ELEPHANT-EAR-LIKE LEAF 1 or the KIX ortholog BIGGER ORGANS cause large flowers and leaves 49 . In rice, overexpression of OsGIF1 results in large grains, leaves, and stems, while suppression of OsGIF1 leads to small grains and organs 16,17 . These findings suggest that the KIX-PPD-MYC-GIF1 pathway may possess a conserved function in different plant species.…”

Section: Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional repression of GIF1 by the KIX-PPD-MYC repressor complex controls seed size in Arabidopsis

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2020

Nat Commun

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Seed size is a key agronomic trait that greatly determines plant yield. Elucidating the molecular mechanism underlying seed size regulation is also an important question in developmental biology. Here, we show that the KIX-PPD-MYC-GIF1 pathway plays a crucial role in seed size control in Arabidopsis thaliana. Disruption of KIX8/9 and PPD1/2 causes large seeds due to increased cell proliferation and cell elongation in the integuments. KIX8/9 and PPD1/2 interact with transcription factors MYC3/4 to form the KIX-PPD-MYC complex in Arabidopsis. The KIX-PPD-MYC complex associates with the typical G-box sequence in the promoter of GRF-INTERACTING FACTOR 1 (GIF1), which promotes seed growth, and represses its expression. Genetic analyses support that KIX8/9, PPD1/2, MYC3/4, and GIF1 function in a common pathway to control seed size. Thus, our results reveal a genetic and molecular mechanism by which the transcription factors MYC3/4 recruit KIX8/9 and PPD1/2 to the promoter of GIF1 and repress its expression, thereby determining seed size in Arabidopsis.

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“…High expression of the transcription factor SPL13 causes long grains as a result of long cells (Si et al ., ). Growth‐Regulating Factor 4 (OsGRF4) encoded by GS2 associates with transcriptional coactivators (OsGIF1/2/3) to increase grain size, predominantly by influencing cell size (Hu et al ., ; Che et al ., ; Duan et al ., ; Li et al ., ; Sun et al ., ). These studies suggest that transcriptional regulation is important for grain growth in rice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

WIDE AND THICK GRAIN 1, which encodes an otubain‐like protease with deubiquitination activity, influences grain size and shape in rice

et al. 2017

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Grain size and shape are two crucial traits that influence grain yield and grain appearance in rice. Although several factors that affect grain size have been described in rice, the molecular mechanisms underlying the determination of grain size and shape are still elusive. In this study we report that WIDE AND THICK GRAIN 1 (WTG1) functions as an important factor determining grain size and shape in rice. The wtg1-1 mutant exhibits wide, thick, short and heavy grains and also shows an increased number of grains per panicle. WTG1 determines grain size and shape mainly by influencing cell expansion. WTG1 encodes an otubain-like protease, which shares similarity with human OTUB1. Biochemical analyses indicate that WTG1 is a functional deubiquitinating enzyme, and the mutant protein (wtg1-1) loses this deubiquitinating activity. WTG1 is expressed in developing grains and panicles, and the GFP-WTG1 fusion protein is present in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Overexpression of WTG1 results in narrow, thin, long grains due to narrow and long cells, further supporting the role of WTG1 in determining grain size and shape. Thus, our findings identify the otubain-like protease WTG1 to be an important factor that determines grain size and shape, suggesting that WTG1 has the potential to improve grain size and shape in rice.

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The OsmiR396c‐OsGRF4‐OsGIF1 regulatory module determines grain size and yield in rice

Cited by 240 publications

References 53 publications

The OsmiR396–OsGRF8–OsF3H‐flavonoid pathway mediates resistance to the brown planthopper in rice (Oryza sativa)

The OsmiR396–OsGRF8–OsF3H‐flavonoid pathway mediates resistance to the brown planthopper in rice (Oryza sativa)

Transcriptional repression of GIF1 by the KIX-PPD-MYC repressor complex controls seed size in Arabidopsis

WIDE AND THICK GRAIN 1, which encodes an otubain‐like protease with deubiquitination activity, influences grain size and shape in rice

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