The Orphans of Eritrea: A Comparison Study

Wolff, Peter H.; Tesfai, B.; Egasso, H.; Aradom, T.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1995.tb02318.x

Cited by 40 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…In addition, their interactions with adult strangers were observed under free field conditions. The comparison of orphans and refugee children has been described in detail in earlier reports (Wolff, Dawit, et al, 1995 ;Wolff, Tesfai, Eyasso, & Aradom, 1995), and only the main findings will be summarized here. -up Studies (1996) Subjects.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Group comparisons indicated that the Solomuna orphans showed significantly more behavioral symptoms on the BSQ than refugee children ; sleep disturbances, eating disorders, and aggressive interactions with peers accounted for most of the group differences (Wolff, Tesfai, et al, 1995). The group differences in emotional state were illustrated more graphically by free field observations.…”

Section: Follow-up Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Orphans of Eritrea: A Five‐year Follow‐up Study

Wolff

Fesseha

1999

Child Psychology Psychiatry

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A group of 4-7-year-old war orphans were examined for the first time while living in an institution (the Solomuna Orphanage) during a protracted war between Eritrea and Ethiopia. At that time, they were compared to a group of refugee children living in a nearby camp with one or both parents. The orphans exhibited significantly more behavioral symptoms than the refugee children, but performed the cognitive tests at a more advanced level. Five years later, the orphans were re-examined; and they were compared to unaccompanied 9-12-year-children living in one of two residential settings that differed qualitatively in their social climate, principles of child care, and patterns of staff-child interactions. Although the severity of their behavioral symptoms had diminished, the orphans still exhibited many symptoms of emotional distress. On the other hand, they performed the cognitive measures as well as, or better than, unaccompanied children who had been protected from the terrors of war. The cross-sectional comparisons indicated that a residential setting that respects the individuality of children and promotes their close personal ties with at least one staff member can ameliorate many of the more serious psychological sequelae of having lost both parents and being exposed to the physical dangers of the war. The implications for war orphans in other Third World countries are discussed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Follow-up Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Orphans of Eritrea: A Five‐year Follow‐up Study

Wolff

Fesseha

1999

Child Psychology Psychiatry

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“…The low average IQ of the orphans is perhaps due to the harsh circumstances that such children often encounter (but see Wolff, Tesfai, Egasso, & Aradom, 1995). Moreover, average IQ in rural areas is often lower than it is in urban areas (e.g., Loehlin, 2000).…”

Section: Coloured Progressive Matricesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Raven's test performance of sub-Saharan Africans: Average performance, psychometric properties, and the Flynn Effect

Wicherts

Dolan

Carlson

et al. 2010

Learning and Individual Differences

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“…The severities of the PTSD scores were positively correlated with a range of psychological difficulties. Wolff and Tesfai (1995). Using a prospective cohort design, this study examined social functioning, emotional functioning, and cognitive development in a sample of 148 children who were living with foster families or in orphanages.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traumatic Events and Posttraumatic Reactions among Children and Adolescents in Out-of-Home Placement: A 25-Year Systematic Literature Review

Dovran

Winje

Arefjord

et al. 2012

Journ Child Adol Trauma

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The present study aims to review empirical research focusing on traumatic events and posttraumatic stress among children and adolescents in out-of-home placement and identify future directions for research. A search in PsychInfo, ISI, and PubMed for the period 1985-2010 and use of citation alerts from 2006 to 2010 yielded 27 studies meeting our inclusion criteria. The included studies applied a diversity of assessment instruments and methods. Only six studies reported when the traumatic event(s) had occurred and/or time of assessment posttrauma. The studies comprised two main categories of traumatic events: war related trauma and sexual/physical abuse. There was a male majority exposed to studies focusing on war-related trauma, and studies on sexual trauma had a female majority. Studies on war-related trauma included foster children from Africa and Asia, whereas studies on abuse trauma included mainly North American samples. The review reflects a scarcity of empirical studies with a trauma perspective in this vulnerable population.

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The Orphans of Eritrea: A Comparison Study

Cited by 40 publications

References 22 publications

The Orphans of Eritrea: A Five‐year Follow‐up Study

The Orphans of Eritrea: A Five‐year Follow‐up Study

Raven's test performance of sub-Saharan Africans: Average performance, psychometric properties, and the Flynn Effect

Traumatic Events and Posttraumatic Reactions among Children and Adolescents in Out-of-Home Placement: A 25-Year Systematic Literature Review

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