“…Ashraf et al, 2010;Beaman et al, 2009;Field et al, 2010), and, more broadly, to the literature on the role of culture in understanding economically relevant phenomena (Fernandez and Fogli, 2009;Giuliano, 2007;Guiso et al, 2006Guiso et al, , 2008. It also speaks to the recent literature on the effect of historical experiences on variation in norms (Heldring, 2018), trust (Chen and Yang, 2016;Nunn and Wantchekon, 2011;Lowes and Montero, 2018), antiimmigrant sentiments (Tabellini, forthcoming), individualism (Bazzi et al, 2018), or prevalence of democratic institutions (Schulz, 2017).…”