The Origins of the Shīʿa: Identity, Ritual, and Sacred Space in Eighth-Century Kūfa, by Najam Haider

Religious Procession as a Mediator for Social Intimacy: Building Communal Harmony in Dharavi after the 1992 Mumbai Riot

“…The division of Muslims into Shi'i and Sunni sects initially emerged based on the dispute over the legitimate successor to the prophet prior to the tragedy of Ashura in the late 7th century (1963). However it was only in the eight century when a distinctive Imami Shi'i discourse began to emerge (Haider 2011;Newman 2012, 195).…”