The origin of the extrinsic adrenergic innervation to the rat ovary

Lawrence, Irvin E.; Burden, Hubert W.

doi:10.1002/ar.1091960106

Cited by 189 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Both hormones provide a microenvironment adequate for the advance of pregnancy (Gibori 1993). Their synthesis is regulated by the hypophysial gonadotropins and modulated by placental factors (Rothchild 1981) among others (Villavicencio et al 2002) and the neural effect mainly caused by the superior ovarian nerve (SON) (Lawrence & Burden 1980, D'Albora et al 2000, Aguado 2002. Using different experimental schemes, we have demonstrated that the SON modifies the liberation of ovarian steroids in different stages of life in rats (De Bortoli et al 2000, Sosa et al 2000, Casais et al 2001, 2006, Forneris & Aguado 2002.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Most of the fibers that constitute the SON derive from main neurons of the celiac ganglion which is a component of the prevertebral ganglion chain and it is a modulation center in the pathway of the afferent and efferent fibers between the central nervous system and the ovary (Baljet & Drukker 1979, Lawrence & Burden 1980, Klein & Burden 1988.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pregnancy in rats is modulated by ganglionic cholinergic action

Casais¹,

Delgado²,

Sosa³

et al. 2006

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The control of ovarian steroidogenesis during pregnancy is mainly of endocrine origin. At present, there is little information about the influence of neural factors on the gestation physiology. The purpose of this work was to study the action of cholinergic agents in celiac ganglion upon the liberation of progesterone and ovarian androstenedione in the second half of pregnancy in rats. We used the ex vivo celiac ganglion-superior ovarian nerve-ovary integrated system (celiac ganglion-SON-ovary) that was incubated in buffer solution for 180 min, with the celiac ganglion and the ovary located in different compartments and linked by the SON.The results obtained indicate that the control values of ovarian androstenedione vary according to the pregnancy day analyzed. The addition of acetylcholine in ganglion decreased the liberation of both steroids on Day 15 whereas at the end of pregnancy it decreased the liberation of androstenedione without modifying progesterone. Due to the effect observed with atropine and hexametonium, acetylcholine action might occur through unspecific ganglionic pathways (Days 15 and 21) or through muscarinic ganglionic receptors (Days 19 and 20). Thus, we conclude that the cholinergic sympathetic system from the celiac ganglion might be a fine modulator of the pregnancy physiology.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy in rats is modulated by ganglionic cholinergic action

Casais¹,

Delgado²,

Sosa³

et al. 2006

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“…The procedure was described in previous reports (Lawrence & Burden 1980, Aguado & Ojeda 1984b. Briefly, before ovarian vein cannulation was completed, the suspensory ligament that contains the left SON was isolated by passing a suture thread under it.…”

Section: Son Transectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rat ovary receives innervation from two main sources: the ovarian plexus nerve that travels along the ovarian artery, and the superior ovarian nerve (SON) which is associated with the suspensory ligament (Lawrence & Burden 1980, Burden 1985. Microscopical studies show the SON fibres innervating thecal and interstitial cells, and also fibres coming from the ovarian plexus nerve associated with the vascular ovarian system (Baljet & Drukker 1980, Burden 1985.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adrenergic intracerebroventricular stimulation affects progesterone concentration in the ovarian vein of the rat: participation of the superior ovarian nerve

Bortoli

Mh²,

Aguado³

1998

Journal of Endocrinology

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The present study investigates the acute consequences of central adrenergic stimulation on the release of steroids from the ovary. The influence of the superior ovarian nerve (SON) and the relationship between the neural effect and peripheral LH levels were also examined.The intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of 5 µg epinephrine in SON-intact rats on day 1 of dioestrus (D1) increased progesterone levels in ovarian vein blood from 7 to 21 min after injection but the same injection in SON-intact rats on day 2 of dioestrus (D2) decreased progesterone levels in ovarian vein blood from 1 to 25 min. A smaller dose (0·5 µg) of epinephrine injected i.c.v. in SON-intact rats produced a decrease in progesterone levels in ovarian vein blood of shorter duration. In SON-transected (SONt) animals, 0·5 µg epinephrine i.c.v. caused a smaller decrease in progesterone levels compared with SON-intact rats (P<0·05). On the other hand, in SON-intact rats on D2, the i.c.v. injection of 0·5 µg epinephrine did not modify the peripheral LH levels during 25 min, but 5 µg epinephrine injected i.c.v. raised the peripheral LH level from the third minute after injection (P<0·05). Oestradiol levels in the ovarian vein blood did not change after epinephrine i.c.v. injection in rats on D2.To avoid any humoral influence, SONt and SONintact rats on D2 were injected i.c.v. with 5 µg epinephrine or with vehicle, and 5 min later the ovaries were incubated in vitro with or without LH. Under these conditions, it was demonstrated that the previous injection of epinephrine in SON-intact rats resulted in a diminished release of progesterone from ovaries incubated with or without LH.These results suggest that a central adrenergic stimulus increases progesterone release from the ovary on D1 and decreases it on D2. Also, this neural input would arrive at the ovary through the SON, and would condition the ovarian response to LH on D2. Ovarian progesterone changes could be attributed to signals coming from ganglionar neurons, which are affected by the central adrenergic stimulation.

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“…Considering the increasingly recognized influence of the ovary innervation in the control of the diverse organ functions in different reproductive states (Aguado & Ojeda 1984, Sosa et al 2000, Casais et al 2001, Garraza et al 2004, and the participation of NO in steroidogenesis, as observed in prepubertal rats , and also in the biochemical and vascular changes that occur in the ovulating period, development and regression of the corpus luteum (Acosta & Miyamoto 2004), we also thought it could be interesting to study the neural influence of the superior mesenteric ganglion on the NO ovarian liberation during oestrus. The oestrus is the stage of the oestrous cycle when there is more ovarian irrigation (Acosta & Miyamoto 2004), and the nervous plexus is related with the blood flow (Lawrence & Burden 1980). With this purpose in mind, this work intends (1) to standardize an integrated ex vivo superior mesenteric ganglion-ONP-ovary system in oestrus day rats; (2) to determine if the ganglion cholinergic stimulus modifies the release of nitric oxide and steroids in the ovary compartment in the absence of humoral factors; and (3) to investigate if there are differences in the responses between the left and right ovaries caused by the neural stimulus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cholinergic influence on the mesenteric ganglion affects the liberation of ovarian steroids and nitric oxide in oestrus day rats: characterization of an ex vivo system

Orozco¹,

Sosa²,

Fillipa³

et al. 2006

Journal of Endocrinology

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The axons that constitute the ovarian nervous plexus originate mostly in the principal neurons of the superior mesenteric ganglion (SMG) that is part of the sympathetic ganglionic chain and exhibits cholinergic receptors. In order to observe the effect of acetylcholine, the main neurotransmitter in the ganglionic transmission, the purpose of the present work was: first, to standardize an integrated ex vivo superior mesenteric ganglion-ovarian nervous plexus-ovary (SMG-ONP-O) system in oestrus day rats; secondly, to determine if the ganglionic cholinergic stimulus modifies the release of nitric oxide and steroids in the ovary compartment in the absence of humoral factors; and thirdly, to investigate if there are differences in the responses between the left and right ovaries caused by the neural stimulus. The ex vivo experimental left and right systems were developed and standardized. The systems were incubated in Krebs-Ringer phosphate buffer in a Dubnoff metabolic shaker. The progesterone release was determined to standardize the incubation times, obtaining different responses between the left and right systems, which shows that both systems have their own autonomic tone. Non-specific stimulation with KCl in the ganglion compartment provoked different responses in terms of release of progesterone and oestradiol. Progesterone decreased in the left and right systems.However, oestradiol diminished at short times and increased at 60 and 120 min in the left ovary, whereas it increases at 30 and 60 min in the right ovary. These different responses show the sensitivity and viability of both systems. When acetylcholine was used in the ganglion compartment, the release of nitric oxide, progesterone, androstenedione and oestradiol was evaluated. The liberation of nitrite increased at 15, 30 and 60 min in the left system and decreased in the right system at 120 min. Progesterone showed a decrease in its release at 15, 30 and 120 min and androstenedione at 15 min in the left ovary compartment. In the right ovary, only progesterone decreased in relation to the control at 120 min while androstenedione did not show significant changes. Oestradiol showed an increase in the left ovary compartment at all the studied times, while in the right ovary it did not show any changes. These results indicate that the neural stimulus from the superior mesenteric ganglion through the ovarian nervous plexus is one of the factors modulating the secretory activity of the ovarian steroids and nitric oxide. The system is viable and also shows a different sensitivity of the left ovary in relation to the right one at least in this cycle stage, characterized by marked irrigation and profound structural changes in the ovary.

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The origin of the extrinsic adrenergic innervation to the rat ovary

Cited by 189 publications

References 13 publications

Pregnancy in rats is modulated by ganglionic cholinergic action

Pregnancy in rats is modulated by ganglionic cholinergic action

Adrenergic intracerebroventricular stimulation affects progesterone concentration in the ovarian vein of the rat: participation of the superior ovarian nerve

The cholinergic influence on the mesenteric ganglion affects the liberation of ovarian steroids and nitric oxide in oestrus day rats: characterization of an ex vivo system

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