The origin of summit basins of the Aleutian Ridge: Implications for block rotation of an arc massif

Geist, Eric L.; Childs, J. R.; Scholl, David W.

doi:10.1029/tc007i002p00327

Cited by 197 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…[50] The F 2 block rotation mechanism is similar to the ball-bearing model proposed by Geist et al [1988]. Discrete fault blocks slipped along the interblock boundaries leading to development of northwest striking dextral strike-slip faults ( Figure 12); similar to the model proposed by Audemard [1998].…”

Section: F 2 Rotationmentioning

confidence: 81%

Oblique collision and accretion of the Netherlands Leeward Antilles to South America

Beardsley

Lallemant

2007

Tectonics

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Accretion of the Netherlands Leeward Antilles volcanic island arc to northern South America (offshore Venezuela) was accompanied by deformation and clockwise block rotation. Structural analysis of Aruba, Curaçao, and Bonaire indicates that they were deformed during at least one ductile event (D1) and three brittle events (F1 − F3). The first deformation phase (D1 and F1) began in the Early Cretaceous, at approximately 110 Ma. Deformation features are consistent with displacement partitioning at the obliquely convergent Caribbean‐Atlantic (proto‐Caribbean) plate boundary. This deformation was accompanied by an approximate 90° clockwise rotation of the forearc terrane. The onset of the second phase of deformation (F2) occurred in the Eocene (∼55 Ma), also accompanied by a small amount of rotation, and structures are consistent with wrench tectonics in a pull‐apart regime. This coincided with the collision of the Caribbean plate with the Great Bahama Bank and the initiation of convergence between North and South America. The youngest deformation structures and rotation (F3) are also associated with wrench faulting. Likely, motion along the Oca fault and the Caribbean plate transform fault initiated a major restraining bend in the late Paleogene. Beginning ∼12 Ma, the northeastward escape of the Maracaibo block further increased the complexity of tectonism at the Caribbean–South American plate boundary. Deformation structures are consistent with a total of 135° clockwise rotation of the Leeward Antilles islands and regional diachronous deformation from west to east since the Early Cretaceous.

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Section: F 2 Rotationmentioning

confidence: 81%

Oblique collision and accretion of the Netherlands Leeward Antilles to South America

Beardsley

Lallemant

2007

Tectonics

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“…This represents a change from vertical extension during thrusting to orogen-parallel extension and lateral escape (Molnar and Tapponnier, 1977;Decker and Peresson, 1996). Areas of extension may alternate with areas of contraction during block rotation between transcurrent faults at an arcuate margin (Garfunkel and Ron, 1985;Geist et al, 1988). Local contractional or extensional sites also form due to changes in strike or en relais stepping of transcurrent ductile shear zones in the deep crust (similar to brittle-ductile shear zones reviewed by Sylvester, 1988).…”

Section: Extension Contemporaneous With Thrusting In Orogenic Beltsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms for folding of high-grade rocks in extensional tectonic settings

Harris

Koyi

Fossen

2002

Earth-Science Reviews

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This review of structures developed in extensional high-grade terrains, combined with results of centrifuge analogue modelling, illustrates the range of fold styles and mechanisms for folding of amphibolite to granulite facies rocks during rifting or the collapse of a thrust-thickened orogen. Several extensional fold mechanisms (such as folding within detachment shear zones) are similar to those in contractional settings. The metamorphic P -T -t path, and not fold style or mode of formation, is therefore required to determine the tectonic setting in which some folds developed. Other mechanisms such as rollover above and folding between listric normal shear zones, and folding due to isostatic adjustments during crustal thinning, are unique to extensional tectonic settings. Several mechanisms for folding during crustal extension produce structures that could easily be misinterpreted as implying regional contraction and hence lead to errors in their tectonic interpretation. It is shown that isoclinal recumbent folds refolded by open, upright folds may develop during regional extension in the deep crust. Folds with a thrust sense of asymmetry can develop due to high shear strains within an extensional detachment, or from enhanced back-rotation of layers between normal shear zones. During back-rotation folding, layers rotated into the shortening field undergo further buckle folding, and all may rotate towards orthogonality to the maximum shortening direction. This mechanism explains the presence of many transposed folds, folds with axial planar pegmatites and folds with opposite vergence in extensional terrains. Examples of folds in high-grade rocks interpreted as forming during regional extension included in this paper are from the Grenville Province of Canada, Norwegian

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“…The Aleutian Ridge is a composite feature made up of a chain of volcanic islands perched atop the crest of a huge submarine ridge that has been fragmented into a series of discrete fault-bounded blocks, each block being tens to hundreds of kilometers in length (Geist et al, 1988). The individual volcanic islands are constructed on the fault-bounded blocks and formed as large tholeiitic volcanoes and smaller andesitic cones (Kay et al, 1982) constructed on mildly metamorphosed to virtually unaltered late Tertiary volcanic units.…”

Section: Regional Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcano collapse along the Aleutian Ridge (western Aleutian Arc)

Montanaro

Begét

2011

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The Aleutian Ridge, in the western part of the Aleutian Arc, consists of a chain of volcanic islands perched atop the crest of a submarine ridge with most of the active Quaternary stratocones or caldera-like volcanoes being located on the northern margins of the Aleutian Islands. Integrated analysis of marine and terrestrial data resulted in the identification and characterization of 17 extensive submarine debris avalanche deposits from 11 volcanoes. Two morphological types of deposits are recognizable, elongate and lobate, with primary controls on the size and distribution of the volcanic debris being the volume and nature of material involved, proportion of fine grained material, depth of emplacement and the paleo-bathymetry. Volume calculations show the amount of material deposited in debris avalanches is as much as three times larger than the amount of material initially involved in the collapse, suggesting the incorporation of large amounts of submarine material during transport. The orientation of the collapse events is influenced by regional fault systems underling the volcanoes. The western Aleutian Arc has a significant tsunamigenic potential and communities within the Aleutian Islands and surrounding areas of the North Pacific as well as shipping and fishing fleets that cross the North Pacific may be at risk during future eruptions in this area.

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The origin of summit basins of the Aleutian Ridge: Implications for block rotation of an arc massif

Cited by 197 publications

References 41 publications

Oblique collision and accretion of the Netherlands Leeward Antilles to South America

Oblique collision and accretion of the Netherlands Leeward Antilles to South America

Mechanisms for folding of high-grade rocks in extensional tectonic settings

Volcano collapse along the Aleutian Ridge (western Aleutian Arc)

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