The origin of peroxisomes: The possibility of an actinobacterial symbiosis

Duhita, Narendra; Le, Thuy Ai Huyen; Saruhashi, Satoshi; Hamada, Kunihiro; Miyata, Daisuke; Shinozawa, Takao

doi:10.1016/j.gene.2009.09.014

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Surprisingly, it already had mitochondria, peroxisomes and an extremely versatile, complex metabolism including highly efficient ATP generation by oxidative processes [12]. The peroxisome, long thought to be another endosymbiosis remnant [29], was shown to be a eukaryotic invention [30,31], though endosymbiotic origins are still defended [32]. However, further analysis (also of the targeting of peroxisomal membrane proteins) convincingly establishes the peroxisome as a eukaryotic invention [33][34][35].…”

Section: Experimental Support For the Kinetic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen radicals shaping evolution: Why fatty acid catabolism leads to peroxisomes while neurons do without it

Speijer

2010

BioEssays

120

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Oxygen radical formation in mitochondria is a highly important, but incompletely understood, attribute of eukaryotic cells. I propose a kinetic model in which the ratio between electrons entering the respiratory chain via FADH₂ or NADH is a major determinant in radical formation. During the breakdown of glucose, this ratio is low; during fatty acid breakdown, this ratio is much higher. The longer the fatty acid, the higher the ratio and the higher the level of radical formation. This means that very long chain fatty acids should be broken down without generation of FADH₂ for mitochondria. This is accomplished in peroxisomes, thus explaining their role and evolution. The model explains many recent observations regarding radical formation by the respiratory chain. It also sheds light on the reasons for the lack of neuronal fatty acid (beta-) oxidation and for beneficial aspects of unsaturated fatty acids. Last but not least, it has very important implications for all models describing eukaryotic origins.

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Section: Experimental Support For the Kinetic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen radicals shaping evolution: Why fatty acid catabolism leads to peroxisomes while neurons do without it

Speijer

2010

BioEssays

120

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“…A Kishino-Hasegawa-Templeton test (Templeton, 1983;Kishino and Hasegawa, 1989), as implemented in PHYLIP (Felsenstein, 1993), was used to determine whether there are significant differences in likelihood between the topology presented by Duhita et al (2010)) and an alternative one in which Pex proteins were monophyletic with ER proteins. In both cases the branch lengths were optimized using a JTT model for proteins (the model implemented in PHYLIP for that test).…”

Section: Topological Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maximum Likelihood analyses as implemented in PhyML v3.0 (Guindon and Gascuel, 2003) were performed on the clustalW alignment used by Duhita et al (2010)), using four different protein evolutionary models: JTT, WAG, VT and LG. In addition, to assess the possible effect of alignment uncertainty in the topology (Wong et al, 2008), we re-aligned the sequences using muscle v3.7 (Edgar, 2004) and trimmed them with the -gappyout option of trimAl v1.2.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two main alternative scenarios explain the origin of peroxisomes in terms of (i) an ancient endosymbiotic event (de Duve, 2007;Duhita et al, 2010); and (ii) an origin from the Endoplasmic Reticulum (Gabaldón et al, 2006;Schluter et al, 2006). The absence of an organellar genome in peroxisomes precludes direct molecular evidence as those found for mitochondria and chloroplasts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, existing analyses have been based on tracing the origin of peroxisomal proteins. Duhita et al (2010) have recently proposed that the origin of peroxisomes can be traced back to an ancestral actinobacterial endosymbiont. This suggestion is made on the basis of (i) a phylogenetic reconstruction, which recovers peroxins 1 and 6 as sister groups of actinobacterial proteins and (ii) a higher, although not significantly higher, abundance of best reciprocal hits (BRH) of peroxisomal proteins with actinobacterial genomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lack of phylogenetic support for a supposed actinobacterial origin of peroxisomes

Gabaldón

Capella-Gutiérrez

2010

Gene

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Evolution of peroxisomes illustrates symbiogenesis

Speijer

2017

BioEssays

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Recently, the group of McBride reported a stunning observation regarding peroxisome biogenesis: newly born peroxisomes are hybrids of mitochondrial and ER-derived pre-peroxisomes. What was stunning? Studies performed with the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae had convincingly shown that peroxisomes are ER-derived, without indications for mitochondrial involvement. However, the recent finding using fibroblasts dovetails nicely with a mechanism inferred to be driving the eukaryotic invention of peroxisomes: reduction of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation associated with fatty acid (FA) oxidation. This not only explains the mitochondrial involvement, but also its apparent absence in yeast. The latest results allow a reconstruction of the evolution of the yeast's highly derived metabolism and its limitations as a model organism in this instance. As I review here, peroxisomes are eukaryotic inventions reflecting mutual host endosymbiont adaptations: this is predicted by symbiogenetic theory, which states that the defining eukaryotic characteristics evolved as a result of mutual adaptations of two merging prokaryotes.See also the video abstract here: https://youtu.be/ HtyKhQ3DSxg

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The origin of peroxisomes: The possibility of an actinobacterial symbiosis

Cited by 15 publications

References 46 publications

Oxygen radicals shaping evolution: Why fatty acid catabolism leads to peroxisomes while neurons do without it

Oxygen radicals shaping evolution: Why fatty acid catabolism leads to peroxisomes while neurons do without it

Lack of phylogenetic support for a supposed actinobacterial origin of peroxisomes

Evolution of peroxisomes illustrates symbiogenesis

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