The Origin of Multiple Sex Chromosomes in Tiger Beetles

Galián, José; Hogan, James E.; Vogler, Alfried P.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a004001

Cited by 39 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…If we accept this single origin hypothesis, the multiple X system is remarkable within beetles because of its evolutionary antiquity (Galián et al, 2002). Phylogenetic and cytogenetic data support this hypothesis with the description of multiple sex chromosomes in Collyrini and Cicindelini but not in Megacephalini and in other basal groups (Sharma, 1988;Vogler and Pearson, 1996;Serrano and Galián, 1998;Galián and Hudson, 1999;Galián et al, 2002), with a few exceptions considered to be derived conditions. Also, the description of multiple sex chromosomes in the Cicindelini species (C. argentata, C. aurulenta and C. suturalis) discussed in this paper fits well into this pattern of chromosome evolution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The generally accepted hypothesis for the development of the achiasmatic multiple sex chromosome systems in tiger beetles is that of a single-origin in a ancestor common to both Collyrinae and Cicindelini (Galián et al, 2002) before these two groups split. If we accept this single origin hypothesis, the multiple X system is remarkable within beetles because of its evolutionary antiquity (Galián et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have been performed on the biology, ecology and geographical distribution of a great number of tiger beetle species (e.g. Pearson, 1988;Pearson and Vogler, 2001), although even so only about 80 species have until now been karyotyped (Serrano and Galián, 1998;Galián and Hudson, 1999;Galián et al, 2002;Proença et al, 2002a, b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tiger beetles have an unusually diverse karyotype, with a diploid chromosome number ranging from 12 to 44 and a great variety of both simple and multiple sex determination systems (Galián et al, 2002;Proença et al, 2002a, b). The most primitive tribes Manticorini, Omini and Megacephalini seem to be characterized by the presence of simple sex chromosome mechanisms of the X0 or XY types (Pearson and Vogler, 2001;Galián et al, 2002;Proença et al, 2002b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most primitive tribes Manticorini, Omini and Megacephalini seem to be characterized by the presence of simple sex chromosome mechanisms of the X0 or XY types (Pearson and Vogler, 2001;Galián et al, 2002;Proença et al, 2002b). Multiple sex chromosome systems, XnY (where n varies from two to four) have been described in the Cicindelini and Collyrini tribes and were considered an apomorphy of a large clade that includes these two tribes (Galian et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytogenetic variability in three species of the genus Cicindela (s.l.) (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae): karyotypes and localization of 18S rDNA genes

2004

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Three tiger beetle species from the Cicindelini tribe were examined cytogenetically and found to have the following karyotypes: Cicindela argentata, 2n = 18 + X 1 X 2 Y/X 1 X 1 X 2 X 2 ; Cicindela aurulenta, 2n = 18 + X 1 X 2 X 3 Y/X 1 X 1 X 2 X 2 X 3 X 3 and Cicindela suturalis, 2n = 18 + X 1 X 2 X 3 X 4 Y/X 1 X 1 X 2 X 2 X 3 X 3 X 4 X 4 . Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using a PCR-amplified 18S rDNA fragment as a probe showed the presence of ribosomal clusters in two autosomes in C. argentata, two autosomes and two heterosomes in C. aurulenta and in two heterosomes in C. suturalis (male configuration), revealing two new patterns of rDNA localization. Such results are representative of the cytogenetic variability observed in the species rich genus Cicindela (sensu lato) mainly as regards the localization of rDNA genes and the number and morphology of the heterosomes, in spite of the stability of autosome numbers. Changes in the localization and number of rDNA clusters were independent of changes in the number of sex chromosomes, indicating that several processes might have contributed to the great karyotypic diversity found within this speciose Coleopteran group.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Cytogenetic variability in three species of the genus Cicindela (s.l.) (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae): karyotypes and localization of 18S rDNA genes

2004

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Juvenile hormone mediates sexual dimorphism in horned beetles

2007

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The causes and consequences of sexual dimorphism are major themes in biology. Here we explore the endocrine regulation of sexual dimorphism in horned beetles. Specifically, we explore the role of juvenile hormone (JH) in regulating horn expression in females of two species with regular sexual dimorphism for pronotal horns (females have much shorter horns than males) and a third species with a rare reversed sexual dimorphism for both pronotal and head horns (females have much larger horns in both body regions compared with males). Applications of the JH analog methoprene caused females of the two more typical species to grow significantly shorter pronotal horns than control females, whereas no consistent effect on pronotal horn development was detected in the third, sex-reversed species. Instead, females in this species showed an unexpected and significant increase in head horn expression in response to methoprene treatment. Lastly, horn shape was also affected in females of one of the regularly sexually dimorphic species, but in the opposite direction than horn length. Although methoprene exerted a feminizing effect on female horn length in this species, it significantly masculinized horn shape by inducing a peculiar shape change observed naturally only in males. Our results suggest that JH influences both overall size and shape of female horns, but does so flexibly and as a function of species, sex and horn location. We use our results to review current models on the role of endocrine mechanisms in development and evolution of horned beetle diversity.

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Evolution of the karyotype and sex chromosome systems in basal clades of araneomorph spiders (Araneae: Araneomorphae)

et al. 2006

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Concepts of spider karyotype evolution are based mostly on advanced and most diversified clade, the entelegyne lineage of araneomorph spiders. Hence the typical spider karyotype is supposed to consist exclusively of acrocentric chromosomes including the multiple X chromosomes. However, our data show considerable diversity of chromosome morphology and sex chromosome systems in basal clades of araneomorphs. Karyotypes of basal araneomorphs consist of holocentric (superfamily Dysderoidea) or normal chromosomes with localized centromere. In males of basal araneomorphs the prophase of first meiotic division includes a long diffuse stage. Multiple X chromosomes are less common in basal clades. The sex chromosome system of many families includes a Y chromosome or nucleolus organizer region that occurs rarely in the entelegyne spiders. A derived X(1)X(2)Y system with an achiasmatic sex-chromosome pairing during meiosis was found in the families Drymusidae, Hypochilidae, Filistatidae, Sicariidae, and Pholcidae. This suggests a monophyletic origin of the families. In some lineages the X(1)X(2)Y system converted into an X0 system, as found in some pholcids, or into an XY system, which is typical for the family Diguetidae. The remarkable karyotype and sex chromosome system diversity allows us to distinguish four evolutionary lineages of basal araneomorphs and hypothesize about the ancestral karyotype of araneomorphs.

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The Origin of Multiple Sex Chromosomes in Tiger Beetles

Cited by 39 publications

References 16 publications

Cytogenetic variability in three species of the genus Cicindela (s.l.) (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae): karyotypes and localization of 18S rDNA genes

Cytogenetic variability in three species of the genus Cicindela (s.l.) (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae): karyotypes and localization of 18S rDNA genes

Juvenile hormone mediates sexual dimorphism in horned beetles

Evolution of the karyotype and sex chromosome systems in basal clades of araneomorph spiders (Araneae: Araneomorphae)

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