The Origin of Heavy Metals and Radionuclides Accumulated in the Soil and Biota Samples Collected in Svalbard, Near Longyearbyen

Kłos, A.; Ziembik, Zbigniew; Rajfur, Małgorzata; Dołhańczuk-Śródka, Agnieszka; Bochenek, Zbigniew; Bjerke, Jarle W.; Tømmervik, Hans; Zagajewski, Bogdan; Ziółkowski, Dariusz; Jerz, Dominik; Zielińska, Maria; Krems, Paweł; Godyń, Piotr

doi:10.1515/eces-2017-0015

Cited by 13 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Near Longyearbyen there were noticeably higher concentrations of Ni (0.014 mg/g) compared to the rest of Svalbard (0.004 mg/g) [40]. Other macro-, and microelements are at a similar level in the areas surrounding Longyearbyen and the natural areas of the Advent valley: 0.307 mg/g Mn, 0.050 mg/g Cu and 0.151 mg/g Zn.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The concentrations of heavy metal were of the same magnitude (>10 µg/g) in both places [10,31,40]. Baret et al [68] showed the existence of a strong correlation between the blue shift and the severity of damage to vascular plants, mosses and lichens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…To determine mercury concentrations, an AMA 254 analyzer was utilized. Detailed results are presented in an open-access paper [40].…”

Section: In-situ Data Collection and Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intraspecific Differences in Spectral Reflectance Curves as Indicators of Reduced Vitality in High-Arctic Plants

et al. 2017

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Remote sensing is a suitable candidate for monitoring rapid changes in Polar regions, offering high-resolution spectral, spatial and radiometric data. This paper focuses on the spectral properties of dominant plant species acquired during the first week of August 2015. Twenty-eight plots were selected, which could easily be identified in the field as well as on RapidEye satellite imagery. Spectral measurements of individual species were acquired, and heavy metal contamination stress factors were measured contemporaneously. As a result, a unique spectral library of dominant plant species, heavy metal concentrations and damage ratios were achieved with an indication that species-specific changes due to environmental conditions can best be differentiated in the 1401-2400 nm spectral region. Two key arctic tundra species, Cassiope tetragona and Dryas octopetala, exhibited significant differences in this spectral region that were linked to a changing health status. Relationships between field and satellite measurements were comparable, e.g., the Red Edge Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (RENDVI) showed a strong and significant relationship (R 2 = 0.82; p = 0.036) for the species Dryas octopetala. Cadmium and Lead were below detection levels while manganese, copper and zinc acquired near Longyearbyen were at concentrations comparable to other places in Svalbard. There were high levels of nickel near Longyearbyen (0.014 mg/g), while it was low (0.004 mg/g) elsewhere.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Intraspecific Differences in Spectral Reflectance Curves as Indicators of Reduced Vitality in High-Arctic Plants

et al. 2017

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“…This area is considered heavily affected by specific atmospheric circulation patterns bringing various xenobiotics from Europe's industrialized areas, especially in winter (Birks et al 2004). According to Kłos et al (2017) also sea aerosol is a source of anthropogenic Cs-137, Pb-210, Th-231, Pb, and Hg which affect the soil and biota near Longyearbyen. The same authors proved elevated levels of Ni in moss, lichen, and vascular plant samples (Salix polaris Wahlenb.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sanionia uncinata and Salix polaris as bioindicators of trace element pollution in the High Arctic: a case study at Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen, Norway

Polechońska¹,

Pech²,

Mielcarska³

et al. 2019

Polar Biol

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Longyearbyen (Spitsbergen) is influenced by local contamination sources, such as exhausts from power plants, traffic, coal mines, and industrial waste dumps subject to weathering, which threatens soil and living organisms. Therefore, the trace element level in this area needs to be evaluated. The moss Sanionia uncinata and prostrate dwarf-shrub Salix polaris were collected as contamination indicators. Concentrations of Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn in these species were measured. The tested hypotheses were: in Longyearbyen and its vicinity (1) the moss S. uncinata and the willow S. polaris may be used as phytoaccumulators and therefore as bioindicators and bioremediators of certain trace elements; (2) the moss S. uncinata contains higher concentrations of metals than the willow S. polaris. The soil of Longyearbyen was contaminated with Cd, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn. The willow S. polaris may be used in phytoaccumulation and therefore in the bioremediation and bioindication of Cd and Zn from its environment. Stems of S. polaris from Longyearbyen are better bioindicators of Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, and Pb and poorer bioindicators of Cd, Mn, and Zn than leaves of this species. S. polaris (both stems and leaves) was a better bioindicator of Cd and Zn concentrations than green gametophytes of S. uncinata. S. uncinata was a better bioindicator of Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, and Pb than S. polaris.

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“…Magnesium may occur due to leaching of living or dead tissue of other plants [20]. The main sources of the elements such as Ni, Fe, Sb, and Cd can be associated to the transport and industrial activity [21,22]. The Botanical garden is situated in the vicinity of the city and it is surrounded by the national roads.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active Moss Biomonitoring of Trace Elements Air Pollution in Chisinau, Republic of Moldova

Zinicovscaia

Urošević

Vergel

et al. 2018

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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For the first time active moss biomonitoring was used to assess trace element deposition in the capital of the Republic of Moldova, Chisinau. Moss Sphagnum girgensohnii samples were exposed in bags at three sites of Chisinau from October, 2016 to March, 2017. The content of 30 elements: Na, Mg, Cl, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, As, Br, Rb, Mo, Sr, Sb, Ba, La, Ce, Cs, Hf, Th, Cu, Cd, Pb, and U in the exposed and unexposed mosses was determined by neutron activation analysis and atomic absorption spectrometry. According to the relative accumulation factor, the most abundant elements in the samples were V, Cr, Fe, Ba, La, As, Sb, U, and Pb. Such elements as Cl, K, and Rb were depleted from the moss tissue during the time of exposure. Principal component analysis was used to identify and characterize different pollution sources. The obtained results indicate that the use of S. girgensohnii moss bags is a simple and inexpensive technique to monitor major and trace element content in the air of urban area.

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The Origin of Heavy Metals and Radionuclides Accumulated in the Soil and Biota Samples Collected in Svalbard, Near Longyearbyen

Cited by 13 publications

References 41 publications

Intraspecific Differences in Spectral Reflectance Curves as Indicators of Reduced Vitality in High-Arctic Plants

Intraspecific Differences in Spectral Reflectance Curves as Indicators of Reduced Vitality in High-Arctic Plants

Sanionia uncinata and Salix polaris as bioindicators of trace element pollution in the High Arctic: a case study at Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen, Norway

Active Moss Biomonitoring of Trace Elements Air Pollution in Chisinau, Republic of Moldova

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