The origin of Darwin hybrid tulips analyzed by flow cytometry, karyotype analyses and genomic in situ hybridization

Marasek, Agnieszka; Mizuochi, Hitoshi; Okazaki, Keiichi

doi:10.1007/s10681-006-9147-y

Cited by 37 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The length of chromosome short (p) and long arm (q) was then measured using ImageJ 1.37v (Rasband 2006) software. Based on these values, the sum of the lengths of the short arm, sum of the lengths of the long arm, arm length ratios (r = q/p), total length of each chromosome (TL = p + q), diVerence in length between arms (d = q ¡ p), relative length (100 £ TL/ TL) and centromeric index [(p/TL) £ 100] were calculated (Bauchan and Campbell 1994;Shan et al 2003;Issolah et al 2006;Marasek et al 2006). DiVerent chromosome morphologies were classiWed according to the arm length ratio using Levan's nomenclature (Levan et al 1964).…”

Section: Cytogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryopreservation of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) zygotic embryos does not induce morphological, cytological or molecular changes in recovered seedlings

Sisunandar

Rival²,

Turquay³

et al. 2010

Planta

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The present study aimed at exploring the fidelity of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) plants recovered from cryopreservation. Zygotic embryos from various different cultivars were cryopreserved following four successive steps, namely: rapid dehydration, rapid freezing, rapid thawing and in vitro recovery followed by acclimatization. At the end of the acclimatization period, the seedlings were compared to counterparts of the same age, which were produced from non-cryopreserved embryos. Both series were submitted to morphological, cytological and molecular comparisons. No significant differences in terms of growth rates could be measured. In addition, no morphological variation could be detected through the measurement of shoot elongation rates, production of opened leaves, and the number and total length of primary roots. Karyotype analysis revealed the same chromosome number (2n = 32) in all studied cultivars independently of cryopreservation. No significant differences could be observed between control and cryopreserved material concerning the type of chromosomes, the length of the long and short arms, the arm length ratio and the centromeric index. However, idiogram analysis did show a greater number of black banding on chromosomes isolated from cryopreserved material. Genetic and epigenetic fidelity was assessed through microsatellite (SSR) analysis and global DNA methylation rates; no significant differences would be observed between genomic DNAs isolated from seedlings originating from cryopreserved embryos and respective controls. In conclusion, our results suggest that the method of cryopreservation under study did not induce gross morphological, genetic or epigenetic changes, thus suggesting that it is an appropriate method to efficiently preserve coconut germplasm.

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Section: Cytogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryopreservation of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) zygotic embryos does not induce morphological, cytological or molecular changes in recovered seedlings

Sisunandar

Rival²,

Turquay³

et al. 2010

Planta

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“…Tulips have been subjected to considerable cytogenetic studies with regard to chromosome number (Bamford et al 1939;Sayama et al 1982;Van Raamsdonk and De Vries 1995), chromosome morphology (Upcott and La Cour 1936;Sayama et al 1982;Wafai and Koul 1981a, b, 1983Van Raamsdonk and De Vries 1995;Marasek et al 2006) and chromosome banding (Filion 1974;Blakey and Vosa 1982;Van Raamsdonk and De Vries 1995). The basic chromosome number in the genus Tulipa is x = 12.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only a few chromosomes, e.g. median chromosomes, are recognisable on the basis of length and centromere position (Marasek et al 2006). Southern (1967) analysed the relationships between diploid and polyploid species belonging to the subgenus Eriostemones from the point of view of chromosome morphology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This technique utilises genomic DNA of both parental genotypes as probes and excessive fragmented DNA of unrelated species as blocking DNA. In tulip GISH enables the discrimination of parental genomes in hybrids and polyploid forms (Marasek et al 2006). This technique also detects chromosome recombination between chromosomes from different genomes and can be used to visualise the level of introgression in backcross progenies (MarasekCiolakowska et al 2009(MarasekCiolakowska et al , 2011.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of intergenomic recombination through GISH analysis of F1, BC1 and BC2 progenies of Tulipa gesneriana and T. fosteriana

Marasek-Ciołakowska

Bijman

et al. 2012

Plant Syst Evol

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Using 23 F1 hybrids, 14 BC1 and 32 BC2 progenies, the genome composition of Darwin hybrid tulips was analysed through genomic in situ hybridisation (GISH) of somatic chromosomes. All plants were diploids (2n = 2x = 24) with the exception of one tetraploid BC1 (2n = 4x = 48) and one aneuploid BC2 (2n = 2x ? 1 = 25) hybrid. Morphometric analysis in F1 hybrids revealed a difference in the total length of chromosomes representing genomes of T. gesneriana and T. fosteriana, where the percentage of each genome equaled 55.18 ± 0.8 and 44.92 ± 0.6% respectively. GISH distinguished chromosomes from both parent genomes although there was a lack of consistent chromosome labelling in some cases. In both T. gesneriana and T. fosteriana chromosomes some segments of heterochromatin in the telomeric and intercalary regions exhibited a higher intensity of fluorescence. In situ hybridisation with 5S rDNA and 45S rDNA probes to metaphase chromosomes of F1 hybrids showed that these regions are rich in rDNA. A notable feature was that, despite genome differences, there was a considerable amount of intergenomic recombination between the parental chromosomes of the two species as estimated in both BC1 and BC2 offspring. The number of recombinant chromosomes ranged from 3 to 8 in BC1 and from 1 to 7 in BC2 progenies. All recombinant chromosomes possessed mostly a single recombinant segment derived from either a single crossover event or in a few cases double crossover events. This explains the fact that, unlike the situation in most F1 hybrids of other plant species, certain genotypes of Darwin hybrid tulips behave like normal diploid plants producing haploid gametes and give rise to mostly diploid sporophytes.

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“…When parental species differ in their DNA content, flow cytometry is a quick and precise method which represents an advantageous alternative over any approach based on chromosome analysis to check a large number of putative hybrids (e.g., Ochatt et al, 2004;reviewed in Eeckhaut et al, 2005;Marasek et al, 2006).…”

Section: Hybriditymentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of cytogenetic tools for studies in the crop-to-wild gene transfer scenario

Benavente

Cifuentes

Dusautoir³

et al. 2008

Cytogenet Genome Res

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Interspecific hybridization in plants is an important evolutionary phenomenon involved in the dynamics of speciation that receives increasing interest in the context of possible gene escapes from transgenic crop varieties. Crops are able to cross-pollinate with a number of wild related species and exchange chromosome segments through homoeologous recombination. In this paper, we review a set of cytogenetic techniques that are appropriate to document the different steps required for the stable introgression of a chromosome segment from a donor species (i.e., the crop) into a recipient species (i.e., the wild). Several examples in hybrids and derivatives are given to illustrate how these approaches may be used to evaluate the potential for gene transfer between crops and wild relatives. Different techniques, from classical chromosome staining methods to recent developments in molecular cytogenetics, can be used to differentiate genomes and identify the chromosome regions eventually involved in genetic exchanges. Some clues are also given for the study of fertility restoration in the interspecific hybrid forms.

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The origin of Darwin hybrid tulips analyzed by flow cytometry, karyotype analyses and genomic in situ hybridization

Cited by 37 publications

References 49 publications

Cryopreservation of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) zygotic embryos does not induce morphological, cytological or molecular changes in recovered seedlings

Cryopreservation of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) zygotic embryos does not induce morphological, cytological or molecular changes in recovered seedlings

Assessment of intergenomic recombination through GISH analysis of F1, BC1 and BC2 progenies of Tulipa gesneriana and T. fosteriana

The use of cytogenetic tools for studies in the crop-to-wild gene transfer scenario

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