The Orientalisation of North Africa: New hints from the study of autosomal STRs in an Arab population

Elkamel, Sarra; Cherni, Lotfi; Álvarez, Luis; Marques, Sofia L.; Prata, Maria João; Boussetta, Sami; Benammar-Elgaaïed, Amel; Khodjet‐El‐Khil, Houssein

doi:10.1080/03014460.2016.1205135

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 65 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This is consistent with the later date for the admixture into Halfawieen and the Arabic populations of Sudan. Previous studies [ 37 , 38 ] have found a similar pattern for populations of Maghreb, where admixture times coincide with the time of the historically documented Arab conquest.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

“…In fact most populations from northeast Sudan (Nubian, Arab and Beja groups) seem to be a mixture of Middle Eastern and local northeast African genetic components, although only the Arab groups shifted to the Semitic languages. Cultural and linguistic replacement following the Arab conquest has been described previously in populations of the Maghreb [ 37 , 38 , 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Northeast African genomic variation shaped by the continuity of indigenous groups and Eurasian migrations

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Northeast Africa has a long history of human habitation, with fossil-finds from the earliest anatomically modern humans, and housing ancient civilizations. The region is also the gate-way out of Africa, as well as a portal for migration into Africa from Eurasia via the Middle East and the Arabian Peninsula. We investigate the population history of northeast Africa by genotyping ~3.9 million SNPs in 221 individuals from 18 populations sampled in Sudan and South Sudan and combine this data with published genome-wide data from surrounding areas. We find a strong genetic divide between the populations from the northeastern parts of the region (Nubians, central Arab populations, and the Beja) and populations towards the west and south (Nilotes, Darfur and Kordofan populations). This differentiation is mainly caused by a large Eurasian ancestry component of the northeast populations likely driven by migration of Middle Eastern groups followed by admixture that affected the local populations in a north-to-south succession of events. Genetic evidence points to an early admixture event in the Nubians, concurrent with historical contact between North Sudanese and Arab groups. We estimate the admixture in current-day Sudanese Arab populations to about 700 years ago, coinciding with the fall of Dongola in 1315/1316 AD, a wave of admixture that reached the Darfurian/Kordofanian populations some 400–200 years ago. In contrast to the northeastern populations, the current-day Nilotic populations from the south of the region display little or no admixture from Eurasian groups indicating long-term isolation and population continuity in these areas of northeast Africa.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Northeast African genomic variation shaped by the continuity of indigenous groups and Eurasian migrations

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Most of Tunisian populations here analysed exhibited high levels of Y-STR diversity, reflecting the wealth of demographic histories underlying current-day populations. This finding is in agreement with previous studies using different types of markers that reported the highest genetic diversities in North African populations 17 , 37 , 38 , 43 , 62 – 65 . In the Tunisian population landscape, clearly conflicts the low values of diversity in the Arabs from Zriba and in the Tunisian Andalusians from Qalaat-El-Andalous.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Results revealed no statistically significant variance among groups (Table 2 ), sustaining that such common perception of ethnicity is irrelevant for the male genetic structure among Tunisian populations, as already evidenced before 12 . Yet, the variance among populations within groups was highly significant, reflecting the complexity of other factors that account for the pattern of genetic differentiation between Tunisian population 37 , 43 , 44 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Contrarily, Wesletia is a rural city surrounded in the east by the mountains of Jebel Ousselat, which preserve the richest rock art in Tunisia since the Neolithic period 4,5 . In previous works, we have already characterized both populations for 15 autosomal STRs loci 37 and mtDNA HVS-I and HVS-II regions 38 , which disclosed the clustering of North African and Middle Eastern populations 37 and further showed that in the Middle Eastern maternal genetic pool of Tunisian populations prevailed an ancient substrate suggesting that migration waves during Paleolithic and Neolithic periods must have been more important contributors to that component than the much more recent Islamic expansion that brought the massive Bedouin dispersal in the 11th CE 38 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Insights into the Middle Eastern paternal genetic pool in Tunisia: high prevalence of T-M70 haplogroup in an Arab population

Elkamel

Marques

Álvarez

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To obtain refreshed insights into the paternal lineages of Tunisian populations, Y-chromosome diversity was assessed in two populations belonging to an Arab genealogical lineage, Kairouan and Wesletia, as well as in four Tunisian Andalusian populations, Testour, Slouguia, Qalaat-El-Andalous and El Alia. The Arabs from Kairouan revealed 73.47% of E-M81 and close affinities with Berber groups, indicating they are likely arabized Berbers, clearly differentiated from the Arabs from Wesletia, who harbored the highest frequency (71.8%) of the Middle Eastern component ever observed in North Africa. In the Tunisian Andalusians, the North African component largely prevailed, followed by the Middle Eastern contribution. Global comparative analysis highlighted the heterogeneity of Tunisian populations, among which, as a whole, dominated a set of lineages ascribed to be of autochthonous Berber origin (71.67%), beside a component of essentially Middle Eastern extraction (18.35%), and signatures of Sub-Saharan (5.2%), European (3.45%) and Asiatic (1.33%) contributions. The remarkable frequency of T-M70 in Wesletia (17.4%) prompted to refine its phylogeographic analysis, allowing to confirm its Middle Eastern origin, though signs of local evolution in Northern Africa were also detected. Evidence was clear on the ancient introduction of T lineages into the region, probably since Neolithic times associated to spread of agriculture.

show abstract

Minor histocompatibility antigens HA‐8 and PANE1 in the TUNISIAN population

Said¹,

Sellami²,

Kâabi³

et al. 2022

Molec Gen & Gen Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Minor histocompatibility antigens (mHAgs) are endogenous immunogenic peptides initially identified due to complications detected in several contexts of HLA geno‐identical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). In this study, we chose to examine the molecular polymorphism of the mHAgs HA‐8 and PANE1 in the Tunisian population. Material and Methods This study was conducted on 150 healthy and unrelated individuals. The DNA extraction and Sequence‐Specific Primers PCR (PCR‐SSP) methods were used for the molecular genotyping of the selected SNPs: PUM3 (rs2173904) and CENPM (rs5758511). Results Our results show that, 94% of Tunisians are carriers of the PANE1R allele (immunogenic variant of the PANE1 mHAg) and 68% of Tunisians are carriers of the HA‐8R allele (immunogenic variant of the HA‐8 mHAg). Furthermore, this study shows that about 5% of the Tunisians are carrier of the PANE1R antigen and its HLA molecule of presentation (the PANE1R/HLA‐A*0301 combination). However, only 2% of Tunisians are carrier of the HA‐8R/HLA‐A*0201 combination, that is, the HA8 immunogenic variant and its specific HLA molecule of presentation. Conclusion Our results are close to those reported in Caucasian, Asiatic, and African populations, this may be explained by the historical events experienced by Tunisia for millennia. These results could be used for further clinical and anthropological studies.

show abstract

The Orientalisation of North Africa: New hints from the study of autosomal STRs in an Arab population

Abstract: This study represents an additional step to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the complex demographic history of North African populations.

Cited by 14 publications

References 65 publications

Northeast African genomic variation shaped by the continuity of indigenous groups and Eurasian migrations

Northeast African genomic variation shaped by the continuity of indigenous groups and Eurasian migrations

Insights into the Middle Eastern paternal genetic pool in Tunisia: high prevalence of T-M70 haplogroup in an Arab population

Minor histocompatibility antigens HA‐8 and PANE1 in the TUNISIAN population

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About