The Organization of the Lexicon in Arabic and Other Semitic Languages

Bohas, Georges

doi:10.1075/cilt.266.03boh

Cited by 11 publications

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“…For instance, vowels u, i, and a tend to render primarily nominal declensions and vowels u, a, and zero (sukut) are used in verbal conjugation (Kjamilev, Mel'nikov 1983: 92). At the same time, the vowel patterns of the augmented forms for the perfect stem are (a)-a-a, while in the passive voice of the imperfect stem the vowel pattern is u-a-(a)-(a) (see Wright 1967: 63-71;Kusters 2003: 29-30;Bohas 2006 If one adds here the procedural category the complexity of this subset of grammar looks even more complicated. 11 Unlike aspects, which are obligatory grammatical categories, the procedurals are optional, derivational categories that modify the meaning of a lexical verb (see Maslov 1948).…”

Section: Slavic Aspectmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Correlation of Linguistic Patterning and Societal Structures in Systemic Typology

Danylenko¹

2018

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The article discusses the premises of the systemic typology of Gennadij Prokop'evič Mel'nikov in comparison with the precepts of the sociolinguistic typology of Peter Trudgill. The author, in particular, looks into the correlation of linguistic patterning and societal structures as presented in the two theories, and offers a detailed synopsis of the societal factors and their valuables (external determinants) used in the respective disciplines. Detailed discussion of the societal factors as presented in the systemic and social typologies is offered. Major differences between their classifications in Mel'nikov and Trudgill are substantiated. Finally, based on the postulates of Mel'nikov's typology, the paper dwells on the concept of internal determinant or, the communicative scope which optimizes all the levels of language system, while co-varying types of social structures with types of linguistic patterning. * I would like to thank Peter Trudgill for his valuable comments on an earlier version of this paper as well as the participants in a session, entitled The Life, Growth and Death of Languages, at the International Congress of Linguists, 21-27 July 2013, Geneva, for their insightful queries. Needless to say, all the shortcomings in the proposed discussion are mine.

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Section: Slavic Aspectmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Correlation of Linguistic Patterning and Societal Structures in Systemic Typology

Danylenko¹

2018

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“…Dans le domaine du lexique, la submorphémie a donné lieu à de nombreux développements, comme la théorie sémio-génétique (Philps, 2006) sur la co-évolution du signifiant et de l'inscription de modèles kinésiques dans la relation corps / objet, le modèle matrice-étymons-racines de Bohas (2006) sur le lexique des langues sémitiques, la théorie de la saillance de Grégoire (2014 et à paraître), qui modélise la variation de la prise en charge des matrices submorphémiques par le locuteurs, les travaux de Rocchetti sur la submorphémie lexicale et grammaticale en italien, la phonosémantique de Nobile (2012Nobile ( , 2014 pour l'italien, les séries lexicales de Nemo (2005) sur la submorphémie dans le lexique français. Bottineau a pour sa part proposé que les « phonesthèmes » du lexique anglais classent les mots en fonction de schémas kinésiques conventionnels (cf.…”

Section: Submorphémie Lexicaleunclassified

Langagement (languaging), langage et énaction, a tale of two schools of scholars : un dialogue entre biologie et linguistique en construction

Bottineau

2017

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Les biologistes Chiliens Varela et Maturana ont développé la théorie du languaging / langagement dans le paradigme de l’énaction : le langage humain comme composante éthologique du domaine consensuel d’interactions, participant à la production de monde vécu commun et propre à l’espèce, et orientant la co-évolution espèce / environnement. De leur côté, des linguistes, souvent issus de la psychomécanique du langage, commencent à s’intéresser à ce paradigme en partant de leurs préoccupations propres, comme le rôle du signifiant incarné dans la production d’effets de sens. Dans cette étude, on tente de problématiser plusieurs entrées dans le domaine « langage et énaction », on explicite l’altérité des questionnements et préoccupations, et on esquisse l’amorce d’un dialogue de nature à préciser les objectifs de recherche.

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“…Researchers espousing this view include-in addition to most traditional Arabic grammarians (see Troupeau 1984:241)- Mahadin (1982), Heath (1987), Schramm (1991), Bat-El (1994), McOmber (1995), Ratcliffe (1997Ratcliffe ( , 2003, Benmamoun (1999), Ussishkin (1999), and Rubio (2005). Bohas (2006) also argues against consonantal roots, but on the grounds that consonantal morphemes more abstract than the root-namely, biconsonantal morphemes he calls etymons-form the core of Semitic words. Recent discussions of morphological and psycholinguistic research on the Semitic root can be found in, for example, Idrissi 2001, Gafos 2003, Arad 2005, Prunet 2006, and several of the contributions to Lowenstamm 2003, Shimron 2003, and Larcher and Cassuto 2007 In Idrissi 2000 (henceforth PBI 2000), we presented psycholinguistic evidence for the morphemic status of the consonantal root in Arabic.…”

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confidence: 96%

On the Mental Representation of Arabic Roots

2008

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In Prunet, Béland, and Idrissi 2000, we presented evidence from an aphasic subject that argued for the morphemic status of Arabic consonantal roots. We predicted that inaudible glides in weak roots should resurface in metathesis and template selection errors, but at the time the relevant data were unattested. Here, we present such data, obtained from a new series of experiments with the same aphasic subject. Arabic hypocoristic formation offers another case of glide resurfacing. Both sources of data confirm that Arabic consonantal roots are abstract morphemic units rather than surface phonetic units. Glide Resurfacing in Aphasic ErrorsThe morphemic status of the consonantal root in Semitic is of special interest to morphologists because it provides a test for competing theories of word formation, most current versions of which reflect Hockett's (1954) distinction between morpheme-based item-and-arrangement and word-based item-and-process and word-and-paradigm models. Morpheme-based models, such as Halle's (1973), operate in an input-to-output fashion by appealing solely or partly to affixation processes. By contrast, word-based models function in an output-to-output fashion and posit morphological rules turning words into other words (e.g., Aronoff 1976, S. R. Anderson 1992) or redundancy rules (e.g., Jackendoff 1975) and functions (e.g., Stump 2001, Blevins 2003 relating fully formed words to one another.Morpheme-based analyses of Semitic recognizing the consonantal root have represented the majority position in Western linguistics for most of the last two centuries. Word-based analyses of Semitic, on the other hand, deny the existence of the consonantal root, often seeing it as This article is dedicated to the memory of three great Semiticists with whose friendship and advice we were graced:

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The Organization of the Lexicon in Arabic and Other Semitic Languages

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

The Correlation of Linguistic Patterning and Societal Structures in Systemic Typology

The Correlation of Linguistic Patterning and Societal Structures in Systemic Typology

Langagement (languaging), langage et énaction, a tale of two schools of scholars : un dialogue entre biologie et linguistique en construction

On the Mental Representation of Arabic Roots

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