The organization of rapid eye movement activity during rapid eye movement sleep is further impaired in very old human subjects

Vegni, C; Ktonas, P.Y.; Giganti, Fiorenza; Ficca, Gianluca; Trammell, James H.; Gori, Sara; Salzarulo, Piero

doi:10.1016/s0304-3940(00)01636-0

Cited by 16 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The finding of no age difference in REM density is consistent with some studies [5], [18], [19], but not with others [20], [21]. It is interesting to hypothesize that method of determining REM density may be an important factor here.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

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Age Differences in the Variability and Distribution of Sleep Spindle and Rapid Eye Movement Densities

et al. 2014

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The present study had two main objectives. The first objective was to compare the sleep architecture of young and older adults, with an emphasis on sleep spindle density and REM density. The second objective was to examine two aspects of age differences that have not been considered in previous studies: age differences in the variability of sleep measures as well as the magnitude of age differences in phasic events across the distribution of values (i.e., at each decile rather than a single measure of location such as the mean or median. A total of 24 young (mean age = 20.75±1.78 years) and 24 older (mean age = 71.17±6.15 years) adults underwent in-home polysomnography. Whole-night spindle density was significantly higher in young adults than older adults. The two age groups did not differ significantly in whole-night REM density, although significant increases in REM density across the night were observed in both age groups. These results suggest that spindle density is more affected by age than REM density. Although age differences were observed in the degree of absolute variability (older adults had significantly larger variances than young adults for sleep efficiency and time spent awake after sleep onset), a similar pattern was also observed within the two age groups: the four sleep measures with the lowest degrees of relative variability were the same and included time spent in REM and Stage 2 sleep, total sleep time, and sleep efficiency. The distributional analysis of age differences in sleep spindle density revealed that the largest age differences were initially observed in the middle of the distributions, but as the night progressed, they were seen at the upper end of the distributions. The results reported here have potential implications for the causes and functional implications of age-related changes in sleep architecture.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Several investigators have reported no differences in REM activity or density in older adults compared to young adults [5], [18], [19]. In contrast, significant reductions in REM activity or density in older adults has been reported in at least two studies [20], [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Age Differences in the Variability and Distribution of Sleep Spindle and Rapid Eye Movement Densities

et al. 2014

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“…Late-life insomnia is associated with changes in the architecture of sleep. Compared with younger adults, older adults spend less time in SWS and in REM sleep [2][3][4], with reductions in delta wave amplitude [3], activity and density of REM sleep and sleep spindles [2], [4][5][6][7]. As a result, older adults' sleep is more fragmented, with frequent and longer awakenings [3], [8], [9].…”

Section: Insomnia In Older Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive training improves sleep quality and cognitive function among older adults with insomnia

Haimov

Shatil

2013

Sleep Medicine

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Study Objectives: To investigate the effect of an eight-week, home-based, personalized, computerized cognitive training program on sleep quality and cognitive performance among older adults with insomnia.Design: Participants (n = 51) were randomly allocated to a cognitive training group (n = 34) or to an active control group (n = 17). The participants in the cognitive training group completed an eight-week, home-based, personalized, computerized cognitive training program, while the participants in the active control group completed an eight-week, home-based program involving computerized tasks that do not engage high-level cognitive functioning. Before and after training, all participants' sleep was monitored for one week by an actigraph and their cognitive performance was evaluated.Setting: Community setting: residential sleep/performance testing facility.Participants: Fifty-one older adults with insomnia (aged 65-85).Interventions: Eight weeks of computerized cognitive training for older adults with insomnia.Results: Mixed models for repeated measures analysis showed between-group improvements for the cognitive training group on both sleep quality (sleep onset latency and sleep efficiency) and cognitive performance (avoiding distractions, working memory, visual memory, general memory and naming). Hierarchical linear regressions analysis in the cognitive training group indicated that improved visual scanning is associated with earlier advent of sleep, while improved naming is associated with the reduction in wake after sleep onset and with the reduction in number of awakenings. Likewise the results indicate that improved ''avoiding distractions'' is associated with an increase in the duration of sleep. Moreover, the results indicate that in the active control group cognitive decline observed in working memory is associated with an increase in the time required to fall asleep.Conclusions: New learning is instrumental in promoting initiation and maintenance of sleep in older adults with insomnia. Lasting and personalized cognitive training is particularly indicated to generate the type of learning necessary for combined cognitive and sleep enhancements in this population.

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“…Late-life insomnia is associated with changes in the architecture of sleep. Compared with younger adults, older adults spend less time in SWS and in REM sleep [2]–[4], with reductions in delta wave amplitude [3], activity and density of REM sleep and sleep spindles [2], [4]–[7]. As a result, older adults' sleep is more fragmented, with frequent and longer awakenings [3], [8], [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Training Improves Sleep Quality and Cognitive Function among Older Adults with Insomnia

Haimov

Shatil

2013

PLoS ONE

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Study ObjectivesTo investigate the effect of an eight-week, home-based, personalized, computerized cognitive training program on sleep quality and cognitive performance among older adults with insomnia.DesignParticipants (n = 51) were randomly allocated to a cognitive training group (n = 34) or to an active control group (n = 17). The participants in the cognitive training group completed an eight-week, home-based, personalized, computerized cognitive training program, while the participants in the active control group completed an eight-week, home-based program involving computerized tasks that do not engage high-level cognitive functioning. Before and after training, all participants' sleep was monitored for one week by an actigraph and their cognitive performance was evaluated.SettingCommunity setting: residential sleep/performance testing facility.ParticipantsFifty-one older adults with insomnia (aged 65–85).InterventionsEight weeks of computerized cognitive training for older adults with insomnia.ResultsMixed models for repeated measures analysis showed between-group improvements for the cognitive training group on both sleep quality (sleep onset latency and sleep efficiency) and cognitive performance (avoiding distractions, working memory, visual memory, general memory and naming). Hierarchical linear regressions analysis in the cognitive training group indicated that improved visual scanning is associated with earlier advent of sleep, while improved naming is associated with the reduction in wake after sleep onset and with the reduction in number of awakenings. Likewise the results indicate that improved “avoiding distractions” is associated with an increase in the duration of sleep. Moreover, the results indicate that in the active control group cognitive decline observed in working memory is associated with an increase in the time required to fall asleep.ConclusionsNew learning is instrumental in promoting initiation and maintenance of sleep in older adults with insomnia. Lasting and personalized cognitive training is particularly indicated to generate the type of learning necessary for combined cognitive and sleep enhancements in this population.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT00901641

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The organization of rapid eye movement activity during rapid eye movement sleep is further impaired in very old human subjects

Cited by 16 publications

References 6 publications

Age Differences in the Variability and Distribution of Sleep Spindle and Rapid Eye Movement Densities

Age Differences in the Variability and Distribution of Sleep Spindle and Rapid Eye Movement Densities

Cognitive training improves sleep quality and cognitive function among older adults with insomnia

Cognitive Training Improves Sleep Quality and Cognitive Function among Older Adults with Insomnia

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