“…Prior studies from the management perspective have argued that engaging stakeholders helped managers to present and resolve conflict, coordinate efforts of internal and external stakeholders to achieve goals, and manage resources to achieve competitive advantage in the marketplace (Johnson-Cramer, Berman & Post, 2003) and create value for the firm (Aaker, 2004;Gregory, 2007;Hatch & Schultz, 2010;Noland & Phillips, 2010;Phillips, Freeman & Wicks, 2003). While researchers have long agreed that managers have a role to play in stakeholder engagement and value creation, more current research focuses on the interaction between and among the stakeholders and the organization in creating value for the firm (Balmer, 2013;Balmer & Wang, 2016;Gyrd-Jones & Kornum, 2012;Iglesias et al, 2013). Over time scholars have argued an even more dynamic relationship between and among stakeholders and the firm, finding that stakeholders influence goes beyond that which is easily measured to include brand value and brand equity (Jones, 2005;Phillips, 2011;Freeman, 2015).…”