The organic carbon isotopic and paleontological record across the Triassic–Jurassic boundary at the candidate GSSP section at Ferguson Hill, Muller Canyon, Nevada, USA

Ward, Peter D.; Garrison, Geoff H.; Williford, K. H.; Kring, D. A.; Goodwin, David H.; Beattie, Michael J.; McRoberts, Christopher A.

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2006.06.042

Cited by 78 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Cli mate change at the end of the Tri as sic pe riod is usu ally ascribed to Pangea break-up as so ci ated with for ma tion of the Atlan tic oce anic rift when Cen tral At lan tic Mag matic Prov ince (CAMP) vol ca noes re leased large amounts of CO 2 and/or methane (Beerling and Royer, 2002;Prochnow et al, 2006;Berner and Beerling, 2007;Co hen and Coe, 2007;Hori et al, 2007;Bonis et al, 2010;Preto et al, 2010) into the at mo sphere. Bi otic ex tinc tion at the end of the Tri as sic (McRoberts, 1994;McRoberts et al, 1997;Pálfy et al, 2001;Hautmann, 2004;Ward et al, 2004Ward et al, , 2007Huynh and Poulsen, 2005;McElwain and Punyasena, 2007) was prob a bly caused by this cli mate change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Car bon isotope anal y sis is a gen er ally ac cepted in di ca tor of chages in the global car bon cy cle es pe cially in ma rine se quences (e.g., McRoberts, 1994;Pálfy et al, 2001;Ward et al, 2004Ward et al, , 2007. Car bon iso tope pat terns are also pres ent in con ti nen tal sed iments but are sig nif i cantly less ex pres sive (Hesselbo et al, 2002;Lucas and Tan ner, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Latest Triassic climate humidification and kaolinite formation (Western Carpathians, Tatric Unit of the Tatra Mts)

Lintnerová¹,

Michalı́k²,

Uhlík³

et al. 2013

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The Tomanová For ma tion, of Rhaetian age, over ly ing the Norian Carpathian Keuper in the Tatra Mts. is built of cy clic parasequences of mudstones and sand stones. Quartz (15 to 70 wt.%), kaolinite (13 to 46 wt.%) and 2:1 Al dioctahedral phyllosilicates (dioct 2:1: mus co vite, illite, illite/smectite: 5 to 39 wt.%) rep re sent the ma jor min eral phase. The kaolinite/dioct 2:1 ra tio de creases up wards in the sec tion (from 4.3 to 0.5) and sig nals vari abil ity in weath er ing/ero sion in ten sity and changing wa ter sa lin ity. Ma jor and trace el e ments (LILE, HSFS, REE) in di cate a uni form source -fel sic rocks lo cated prob a bly in the Vindelician High lands. The sed i men ta tion rate (83 mm/ky) was con trolled by cli mate. Al ter na tion of dry and hu mid pe riods is refered by sed i men tary tex tures and by ma tu rity of quartz (ae olian vs. flu vial grains), and or ganic mat ter con tent and com po si tion (C org and d 13 C org ). Authigenic sid er ite or bethierine doc u ments wet and re duced con di tions in the up per part of the Tomanová For ma tion. The sedimention rate of the ma rine Dudzinec For ma tion at tained 25 mm/ka and the char ac ter of cy cles pre served in the se quence is sim i lar as that of the Tomanová For ma tion (fin ing up wards parasequences). How ever, the dif fer ent clay min er al ogy, the re cy cled char ac ter of the sil i cates, the dif fer ent d 13 C org and el e vated imput of car bon ate detri tus with spe cific C and O iso to pic pat terns doc u ment a dis con ti nu ity in the sec tion. The transgressive char ac ter of the Dudzinec Fm. was de duced from the strati graphic dis tri bu tion and en vi ron men tal char ac ter is tics of the ben thic foraminifera pres ent. Involutinids and spirillinids dom i nate in the lower part, endothyrinids gov ern the mid dle part, and in the up per part nodosariids and Ammodiscus-type micro fauna oc cur. These age-di ag nos tic microfossils in di cate a late Rhaetian age. Sea level rise in the Tatric Zone trig gered by ther mal ex pan sion of the Cen tral At lan tic Rift was grad ual, be ing af fected by in put of ter res trial clastic sed i ment both by fresh wa ter and by wind. The Tatric Tri as sic se quence in the West ern Carpathians helps un der stand ing of the de vel op ment of sed i men ta tion, palaeoclimate (kaolinite weath er ing), and palaeo ge ogra phy of the north ern most Tethyan Do main.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latest Triassic climate humidification and kaolinite formation (Western Carpathians, Tatric Unit of the Tatra Mts)

Lintnerová¹,

Michalı́k²,

Uhlík³

et al. 2013

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“…The last occurrence of Triassic choristoceratid ammonoids, as well as the first appearance of Jurassic psiloceratid ammonites allow these sections in the Northern Calcareous Alps to be correlated with TJB successions in British Columbia (Canada; Ward et al, 2001Ward et al, , 2004, Nevada (USA; Guex et al, 2004Guex et al, , 2009Ward et al, 2007) and Peru (Hillebrandt, 1994(Hillebrandt, , 1997(Hillebrandt, , 2000a(Hillebrandt, , 2000bSchoene et al, 2010). However , most marine NW European TJB successions lack representatives of Triassic ammonoids and the oldest psiloceratid ammonites, that have been recorded in the Northern Calcareous Alps, are also missing (Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A new correlation of Triassic–Jurassic boundary successions in NW Europe, Nevada and Peru, and the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province: A time-line for the end-Triassic mass extinction

Lindström

Schootbrugge

Hansen

et al. 2017

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

109

107

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Understanding the end-Triassic mass extinction event (201.36 Ma) requires a clear insight into the stratigraphy of boundary sections, which allows for long-distance correlations and correct distinction of the sequence of events. However, even after the ratification of a Global Stratotype Section and Point, global correlations of TJB successions are hampered by the fact that many of the traditionally used fossil groups were severely affected by the crisis. Here, a new correlation of key TJB successions in Europe, U.S.A. and Peru, based on a combination of biotic (palynology and ammonites), geochemical (δ 13 C org ) and radiometric (U/Pb ages) constraints, is presented. This new correlation has an impact on the causality and temporal development during the end-Triassic event. It challenges the hitherto used standard correlation, which has formed the basis for a hypothesis that the extinction was caused by more or less instantaneous release of large quantities of light carbon (methane) to the atmosphere, with catastrophic global warming as a consequence. The new correlation instead advocates a more prolonged scenario with a series of feedback mechanisms, as it indicates that the bulk of the hitherto dated, high-titanium, quartz normalized volcanism of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP) preceded or was contemporaneous to the onset of the mass extinction. In addition, the maximum phase of the mass extinction, which affected both the terrestrial and marine ecosystems, was associated with a major regression and repeated, enhanced earthquake activity in Europe. A subsequent transgression resulted in the formation of hiati or condensed successions in many areas in Europe. Later phases of volcanic activity of the CAMP, producing low titanium, quartz normalized and high-iron, quartz normalized basaltic rocks, continued close to the first occurrence of Jurassic ammonites and the defined TJB. During this time the terrestrial ecosystem had begun to recover, but the marine ecosystem remained disturbed.

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“…Such isotopically light C could have been produced by specific production or by biotic extinction in the water column or by release from methane buried in sediment. Negative C-isotope event could indicate regional or global climate change as documented in the T/J boundary beds elsewhere (Pálfy et al 2001(Pálfy et al , 2007Ward et al 2007;Michalík et al 2007Michalík et al , 2010Preto et al 2010). As…”

Section: Carbon Isotope Distribution During Transgressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleoenvironments during the Rhaetian transgression and the colonization history of marine biota in the Fatric Unit (Western Carpathians)

Michalı́k¹,

Lintnerová²,

Wójcik-Tabol³

et al. 2013

Geologica Carpathica

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Abstract:Terminal Triassic environmental changes are characterized by an integrated study of lithology, litho-and cyclostratigraphy, paleontology, mineralogy, geochemistry and rock magnetism in the Tatra Mts. The Carpathian Keuper sequence was deposited in an arid environment with only seasonal rivers, temporal lakes and swamps with scarce vegetation. Combination of a wide range of 18 O values (-0.7 to + 2.7) with negative 13 C values documents dolomite precipitation either from brackish or hypersaline lake water, or its derivation from pore water comparably to the Recent Coorong B-dolostone. Negative 13 C values indicate microbial C productivity. Rhaetian transgressive deposits with restricted Rhaetavicula fauna accumulated in nearshore swamps and lagoons. Associations of foraminifers, bivalves and sharks in the Zliechov Basin were controlled by physical factors. Bivalve mollusc biostromes were repetitively destroyed by storms, and temporary firm bottoms were colonized by oysters and burrowers. Subsequent black shale deposition recorded input of eolian dust. Bottom colonization by pachyodont bivalves, brachiopod and corals started much later, during highstand conditions. Facies evolution also revealed by geochemical data, C and O isotope curves reflect eustatic and climatic changes and help reconstruct the evolution of Rhaetian marine carbonate ramp. The Fatra Formation consists of 100 kyr eccentricity and 40 kyr obliquity cycles; much finer rhythmicity may record monsoonlike climatic fluctuations. Fluvial and eolian events were indicated by analysis of grain size and content of clastic quartz, concentrations of foraminiferal (Agathammina) tests in thin laminae indicates marine ingression events. Magnetic susceptibility (MS) variations reflect the distribution of authigenic and detrital constituents in the sequence. Increasing trend of MS correlates with the regressive Carpathian Keuper sequence and culminates within the bottom part of the Fatra Formation. Decreasing trend of MS is observed upwards the transgressive deposits of the Fatra Formation.

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The organic carbon isotopic and paleontological record across the Triassic–Jurassic boundary at the candidate GSSP section at Ferguson Hill, Muller Canyon, Nevada, USA

Cited by 78 publications

References 13 publications

Latest Triassic climate humidification and kaolinite formation (Western Carpathians, Tatric Unit of the Tatra Mts)

Latest Triassic climate humidification and kaolinite formation (Western Carpathians, Tatric Unit of the Tatra Mts)

A new correlation of Triassic–Jurassic boundary successions in NW Europe, Nevada and Peru, and the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province: A time-line for the end-Triassic mass extinction

Paleoenvironments during the Rhaetian transgression and the colonization history of marine biota in the Fatric Unit (Western Carpathians)

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