The orchestra of human bacteriome by hormones

Epinephrine Affects Ribosomes, Cell Division, and Catabolic Processes in Micrococcus luteus Skin Strain C01: Revelation of the Conditionally Extensive Hormone Effect Using Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry and Proteomic Analysis

“…To date, the accumulated evidence demonstrates that the skin microbial community is potentially also regulated by human humoral systems [ 1 , 31 ]. Nevertheless, some critical methodological and generally scientific points await resolving in studying how the human skin microbiota reacts in the presence of hormones: (i) How exactly are hormones present in human skin and where are they concentrated?…”

“…In recent decades, much data has been obtained concerning the interactions between human organisms and human microbiota on a signaling level [ 1 ]. As a result, microbial endocrinology [ 2 ] has taken shape as a virtually independent scientific area at the interface between microbiology, medicine, and endocrinology.…”

“…Nevertheless, despite the discovery of a complete two-component catecholamine-based signaling system in Escherichia coli [ 3 , 7 ], less is known about subsequent biochemical changes in cells and biofilms in the presence of these hormones. Moreover, little is known about how hormones impact the skin microbiota [ 1 ], especially regarding Gram-positive species, for instance, micrococci. Micrococcus luteus is a saprotrophic Gram-positive bacterium inhabiting different environments such as soil [ 8 ], water [ 9 ], and industrial waste [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Proteomic and transcriptomic analyses of <i>Cutibacterium acnes</i> biofilms and planktonic cultures in presence of epinephrine

“…In microbial endocrinology, neurohormones and steroids were among the first hormone classes to be systematically studied as bacterial effectors [1] , [2] . Epinephrine has been shown to have effects on some model bacteria, such as Escherichia coli [1] .…”

A-Type Natriuretic Peptide Alters the Impact of Azithromycin on Planktonic Culture and on (Monospecies and Binary) Biofilms of Skin Bacteria Kytococcus schroeteri and Staphylococcus aureus

“…Microbial endocrinology [15] is a relatively new cross-disciplinary area of research dedicated to interconnections between human microbiota and human humoral systems. The recent review by Arif Luqman contains the most up-to-date summary of existing data [16] on how hormones affect microorganisms. However, despite the apparent breadth of research in the field, the data in microbial endocrinology seem to be a set of very disparate results that are difficult to put together, making it challenging to develop any fundamental theories.…”