The optometric correlates of migraine

Harle, Deacon E.; Evans, Bruce J. W.

doi:10.1111/j.1475-1313.2004.00212.x

Cited by 52 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…There is good convergent evidence for cortical hyper-excitability in migraine (Welch, 2002(Welch, , 2003; there is an increased but variable risk of epilepsy in autism (Tuchman and Rapin, 2002), and there is also an increased risk of seizures in patients with multiple sclerosis (Koch et al, 2008). Pattern glare, one possible consequence of cortical hyper-excitability (Harle and Evans, 2004;Harle et al, 2006), has been found to be the strongest visual correlate of the use of precision tints , 1996a, b, Hollis and Allen, 2006.…”

Section: Neurological Disorders Involving Visual Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual stress, its treatment with spectral filters, and its relationship to visually induced motion sickness

Wilkins

Evans

2010

Applied Ergonomics

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a b s t r a c tWe review the concept of visual stress and its relation to neurological disease. Visual stress can occur from the observation of images with unnatural spatial structure and an excess of contrast energy at spatial frequencies to which the visual system is generally most sensitive. Visual stress can often be reduced using spectral filters, provided the colour is selected with precision to suit each individual. The use of such filters and their effects on reading speed are reviewed. The filters have been shown to benefit patients with a variety of neurological conditions other than reading difficulty, all associated with an increased risk of seizures.

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Section: Neurological Disorders Involving Visual Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual stress, its treatment with spectral filters, and its relationship to visually induced motion sickness

Wilkins

Evans

2010

Applied Ergonomics

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“…The significance of these deficits to long-term ocular health in these individuals is currently unknown, but as we already mentioned before data resembling, a relationship between normal tension glaucoma and migraine either as a cause or a factor involved in disease progression is still evolving. [25][26][27][28][30][31][32] Beyond these, Harle and Evans 33 suggest an alternative explanation that migraine headache might cause a magnocellular-specific dysfunction unrelated to glaucoma and they claim that they are currently comparing visual fields, ocular tensions, and optic nerve head analysis in migraine and control subjects to investigate this hypothesis. 33 The findings of this study correlate with several other previous studies, which assessed precortical pathways by vision-related tests in the migraineurs population, which were found to be abnormal.…”

Section: Eyementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[25][26][27][28][30][31][32] Beyond these, Harle and Evans 33 suggest an alternative explanation that migraine headache might cause a magnocellular-specific dysfunction unrelated to glaucoma and they claim that they are currently comparing visual fields, ocular tensions, and optic nerve head analysis in migraine and control subjects to investigate this hypothesis. 33 The findings of this study correlate with several other previous studies, which assessed precortical pathways by vision-related tests in the migraineurs population, which were found to be abnormal. However, we here additionally studied the visual field and contrast sensitivity tasks on same population, which eliminates the ideas of confounding factors (as both tests were done on the same person) of several different studies affecting the results of each tests.…”

Section: Eyementioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of spatial–contrast function and short-wavelength sensitivity deficits in patients with migraine

Yenice

Onal

Incili

et al. 2006

Eye

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Aims To study spatial-contrast function and short-wavelength sensitivity deficits in a migraine population with a disease duration of 30 years or less. Materials and methods In this prospective, cross-sectional study, we evaluated 28 subjects with migraine headache and 15 nonheadache healthy controls. Visual fields were evaluated using the Humphrey Field Analyzer 750i and the 30-2, blue and yellow threshold programme. Contrast sensitivity (CS) was measured at 1.5, 3, 6, 12, and 18 cpd spatial frequencies, using the Functional Acuity Contrast Test (F.A.C.T.TM ).The results of the visual field parameters (mean defect (MD) and pattern standard defect (PSD)) and CS were compared with 15 age-equivalent normal subjects.Results Short-wavelength amplitude perimetry (SWAP) parameters and CS scores at all spatial frequencies were significantly altered in the migraine patients when compared with the control subjects. Visual field parameters correlated significantly with contrast sensitivity scores: positively for MD (r ¼ 0.39, P ¼ 0.01; r ¼ 0.43, P ¼ 0.005; r ¼ 0.56, P ¼ 0.0001; r ¼ 0.45, P ¼ 0.003; r ¼ 0.48, P ¼ 0.0001) and negatively for PSD (r ¼ À0.45, P ¼ 0.003; r ¼ À0.45, P ¼ 0.003; r ¼ À0.51, P ¼ 0.001; r ¼ À0.53, P ¼ 0.0001; and r ¼ À0.67, P ¼ 0.0001) at all (1.5, 3, 6,12, and 18 cpd) spatial frequencies, respectively. Migraine duration correlated negatively with MD (r ¼ À0.42, P ¼ 0.04) and positively with PSD (r ¼ 0.42, P ¼ 0.03). Conclusion Migraineurs had significantly altered visual field and contrast function at all spatial frequencies to the normal population.These defects share some features with early stages of glaucoma and may relate a possibility for a common vascular disease pathogenesis in these two conditions.

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“…Increased pattern-glare has been shown to be particularly prominent in those with migraine with aura (Friedman & De ver Dye, 2009;Harle & Evans, 2004;Marcus & Soso, 1989), visual stress (Evans, Busby, Jeanes, & Wilkins, 1995;Evans & Stevenson, 2008), photosensitive epilepsy and stroke (Beasley & Davies, 2012;Evans, 2005;Evans & Stevenson, 2008) and certain hallucinations in the non-clinical population (Braithwaite, Broglia, Bagshaw, & Wilkins, 2013;Braithwaite, Broglia, Brincat, et al, 2013). It has also been implicated in cases of anxiety/mood disorders and its severity can vary in sympathy with the presence of other co-morbid factors (see Ludlow, Wilkins, & Heaton, 2006;Nulty, Wilkins, & Williams, 1987;Wilkins, 1986).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulating the aberrant brain: Evidence for increased cortical hyperexcitability from a transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) study of individuals predisposed to anomalous perceptions

Braithwaite

Mevorach

Takahashi

2015

Cortex

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Findings from neurological and clinical groups have shown that increased predisposition to anomalous experience/aura reflects an elevation in aberrant neural processes in the brain. However, studies of anomalous experiences in non-clinical/non-neurological groups are less clear on this matter and are more typically confined to subjective questionnaire measures alone. The current investigation, the first to our knowledge, carried out a transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) study of cortical hyperexcitability, and its association with anomalous experience in non-clinical/non-neurological groups. Sixty participants completed; (i) both excitatory (anodal) and inhibitory (cathodal) brain stimulation conditions of the visual cortex; (ii) a computerised pattern-glare task, where observers reported phantom visual distortions from viewing highly irritable visual patterns (a metric of cortical hyperexcitability), and; (iii) questionnaire measures of predisposition to anomalous perceptions. There were no reliable signs of cortical hyperexcitability (via pattern-glare tasks) when collapsed across the whole sample. However, a significant positive correlation between predisposition to anomalous experience and elevated signs of cortical hyperexcitability was observed. Crucially, there was a significant negative correlation between tDCS stimulatory conditions. A visual cortex that reacted more strongly to excitatory stimulation, responded less well to inhibitory suppression, and this pattern was related to predisposition to anomalous perceptions. Both findings are consistent with the presence of a hyperexcitable cortex. Collectively the present findings provide objective evidence that the brains of individuals predisposed to anomalous experiences/hallucinations can be hyperexcitable - even in the non-clinical/non-neurological population. These data are consistent with continuum models of anomalous experience and have important implications for contemporary theories of aberrations in self-consciousness.

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The optometric correlates of migraine

Cited by 52 publications

References 126 publications

Visual stress, its treatment with spectral filters, and its relationship to visually induced motion sickness

Visual stress, its treatment with spectral filters, and its relationship to visually induced motion sickness

Assessment of spatial–contrast function and short-wavelength sensitivity deficits in patients with migraine

Stimulating the aberrant brain: Evidence for increased cortical hyperexcitability from a transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) study of individuals predisposed to anomalous perceptions

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