The optimization and economic evaluation of oil production using low salinity polymer flood: a case study for EOR 26

Abstract

Trinidad and Tobago (TT) have been producing crude oil commercially since 1908. For the past few decades, TT’s crude oil production has been in steady decline because most of the oil reservoirs are beyond the primary phase of their production. This situation coupled with lower energy prices have resulted in a shortfall in TT’s energy revenues and presents TT with major economic challenges. The objective of this study was to optimize a field simulation model of a combined Low Salinity Polymer Gel flood to highlight the possibility that Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) can boost crude oil production especially from heavy oil reserves and mature fields. A field simulation model of the EOR 26 Upper Forest Sands was built using the CMG Builder software. The EOR 26 Upper Forest Sand reservoirs of the Forest Reserve field are delineated by shale-outs, faults and water–oil contacts. The entire Forest Reserve is bordered by the Fyzabad anticline to its north-west and the Los Bajos fault to its south-west. A dynamic field simulation model of the combined Low Salinity Polymer Gel flooding of EOR 26 Upper Forest Sands was created using CMG STARS software and the optimum parameters of polymer gel concentration, salinity concentration and injection rates and pressure for the highest oil recovery were investigated. The highest oil recovery was obtained using a polymer gel concentration of 500 ppm with a salinity of 1000 ppm and an injection rate of 900 bbls/day during continuous polymer gel injection for a period of 545 days. The polymer gel injection was preceded by pre flush water injection for 180 days and followed by water injection for the duration of the ten (10) year period. The predicted oil recovery for the project is an additional 14.52% of OOIP and is considered economically feasible at a crude oil price of US$50 per barrel with a payback period of two years and an IRR of 63.53%.

Smart Water–Polymer Hybrid Flooding in Heavy Oil Sandstone Reservoirs: A Detailed Review and Guidelines for Future Applications

“…An optimized study conducted by Flatts and co-workers (2022) using CMG focused on a combined low-salinity polymer gel flood. The study optimized polymer gel concentration, salinity concentration, and injection rates/pressure to obtain the highest oil recovery as the primary objective . Additionally, an economic analysis was carried out as part of their research.…”

“…The study optimized polymer gel concentration, salinity concentration, and injection rates/pressure to obtain the highest oil recovery as the primary objective. 109 Additionally, an economic analysis was carried out as part of their research. A summary of simulation and optimization studies can be found in Table 4.…”