The optimal exercise intensity for the unbiased comparison of thermoregulatory responses between groups unmatched for body size during uncompensable heat stress

Ravanelli, Nicholas; Cramer, Matthew N.; Imbeault, Pascal; Jay, Ollie

doi:10.14814/phy2.13099

Cited by 23 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(111 reference statements)

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“…The current article consists of a retrospective analysis of previously published data obtained from studies that examined the influence of body size (Ravanelli et al, 2017) and aerobic training (Ravanelli et al, 2018(Ravanelli et al, , 2019…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• What is the main finding and its importance? (Ravanelli et al, 2017). Furthermore, thermoregulatory responses of a separate group of untrained participants were compared during uncompensable heat stress before and after theirV O 2 max was modified through an 8-week aerobic training intervention (Ravanelli et al, 2019).…”

Section: New Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Height and weight were measured using a wall-mounted stadiometer Beach, VA, USA), as previously described (Ravanelli et al, 2017). Thė V O 2 max of the group who underwent the aerobic training intervention was assessed pre-and post-training using a Modified Bruce Treadmill Protocol, as previously described (Ravanelli et al, 2019).…”

Section: Preliminary Sessionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maximum skin wettedness was determined using a humidity ramp protocol as previously described (Kenney & Zeman, 2002;Ravanelli et al, 2017Ravanelli et al, , 2018. Briefly, participants arrived at the facility and changed into standardized clothing (males: shorts and shoes; females:…”

Section: Maximum Skin Wettedness Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thermoregulatory responses were evaluated during uncompensable exercise heat stress, as previously described (Ravanelli et al, 2017(Ravanelli et al, , 2019. Briefly, participants changed into standardized clothing (i.e.…”

Section: Uncompensable Heat Stress Trialmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A retrospective analysis to determine if exercise training‐induced thermoregulatory adaptations are mediated by increased fitness or heat acclimation

Ravanelli

Gagnon

Imbeault

et al. 2020

Experimental Physiology

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It remains unclear whether aerobic fitness, as defined by the maximum rate of oxygen consumption (V O 2 max), independently improves heat dissipation in uncompensable environments, or whether the thermoregulatory adaptations associated with heat acclimation are due to repeated bouts of exercise-induced heat stress during regular aerobic training. The present analysis sought to determine ifV O 2 max independently influences thermoregulatory sweating, maximum skin wettedness (max) and the change in rectal temperature (ΔT re) during 60 min of exercise in an uncompensable environment (37.0 ± 0.8 • C, 4.0 ± 0.2 kPa, 64 ± 3% relative humidity) at a fixed rate of heat production per unit mass (6 W kg −1). Retrospective analyses were performed on 22 participants (3 groups), aerobically unfit (UF; n = 7;V O 2 max : 41.7 ± 9.4 ml kg −1 min −1), aerobically fit (F; n = 7;V O 2 max : 55.6 ± 4.3 ml kg −1 min −1 ; P < 0.01) and aerobically unfit (n = 8) individuals, before (pre;V O 2 max : 45.8 ± 11.6 ml kg −1 min −1) and after (post; V O 2 max : 52.0 ± 11.1 ml kg −1 min −1 ; P < 0.001) an 8-week training intervention. max was similar between UF (0.74 ± 0.09) and F (0.78 ± 0.08, P = 0.22). However, max was greater post-(0.84 ± 0.08) compared to pre-(0.72 ± 0.06, P = 0.02) training. During exercise, mean local sweat rate (forearm and upper-back) was greater post-(1.24 ± 0.20 mg cm −2 min −1) compared to pre-(1.04 ± 0.25 mg cm −2 min −1 , P < 0.01) training, but similar between UF (0.94 ± 0.31 mg cm −2 min −1 , P = 0.90) and F (1.02 ± 0.30 mg cm −2 min −1). The ΔT re at 60 min of exercise was greater pre-(1.13 ± 0.16 • C, P < 0.01) compared to post-(0.96 ± 0.14 • C) training, but similar between UF (0.85 ± 0.29 • C, P = 0.22) and F (0.95 ± 0.22 • C). Taken together, aerobic training, notV O 2 max per se, confers an increased max , greater sweat rate, and smaller rise in core temperature during uncompensable heat stress in fit individuals.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: New Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preliminary Sessionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Maximum Skin Wettedness Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Uncompensable Heat Stress Trialmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A retrospective analysis to determine if exercise training‐induced thermoregulatory adaptations are mediated by increased fitness or heat acclimation

Ravanelli

Gagnon

Imbeault

et al. 2020

Experimental Physiology

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The Biophysics of Human Heat Exchange

Ravanelli

Bongers

Jay

2019

Heat Stress in Sport and Exercise

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Individual characteristics associated with the magnitude of heat acclimation adaptations

Alkemade

Gerrett

Eijsvogels³

et al. 2021

Eur J Appl Physiol

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Purpose The magnitude of heat acclimation (HA) adaptations varies largely among individuals, but it remains unclear what factors influence this variability. This study compared individual characteristics related to fitness status and body dimensions of low-, medium-, and high responders to HA. Methods Twenty-four participants (9 female, 15 male; maximum oxygen uptake [$$\dot{{V}}$$ V ˙ O2peak,kg] 52 ± 9 mL kg−1 min−1) completed 10 daily controlled-hyperthermia HA sessions. Adaptations were evaluated by heat stress tests (HST; 35 min cycling 1.5 W kg−1; 33 °C, 65% relative humidity) pre- and post-HA. Low-, medium-, and high responder groups were determined based on tertiles (n = 8) of individual adaptations for resting rectal temperature (Tre), exercise-induced Tre rise (ΔTre), whole-body sweat rate (WBSR), and heart rate (HR). Results Body dimensions (p > 0.3) and $$\dot{{V}}$$ V ˙ O2peak,kg (p > 0.052) did not differentiate low-, medium-, and high responders for resting Tre or ΔTre. High WBSR responders had a larger body mass and lower body surface area-to-mass ratio than low responders (83.0 ± 9.3 vs 67.5 ± 7.3 kg; 249 ± 12 vs 274 ± 15 cm2 kg−1, respectively; p < 0.005). Conversely, high HR responders had a smaller body mass than low responders (69.2 ± 6.8 vs 83.4 ± 9.4 kg; p = 0.02). $$\dot{{V}}$$ V ˙ O2peak,kg did not differ among levels of responsiveness for WBSR and HR (p > 0.3). Conclusion Individual body dimensions influenced the magnitude of sudomotor and cardiovascular adaptive responses, but did not differentiate Tre adaptations to HA. The influence of $$\dot{{V}}$$ V ˙ O2peak,kg on the magnitude of adaptations was limited.

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The optimal exercise intensity for the unbiased comparison of thermoregulatory responses between groups unmatched for body size during uncompensable heat stress

Cited by 23 publications

References 52 publications

A retrospective analysis to determine if exercise training‐induced thermoregulatory adaptations are mediated by increased fitness or heat acclimation

A retrospective analysis to determine if exercise training‐induced thermoregulatory adaptations are mediated by increased fitness or heat acclimation

The Biophysics of Human Heat Exchange

Individual characteristics associated with the magnitude of heat acclimation adaptations

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