The Optic Disc Drusen Studies Consortium Recommendations for Diagnosis of Optic Disc Drusen Using Optical Coherence Tomography

Malmqvist, Lasse; Bursztyn, Lulu; Costello, Fiona; Digre, Kathleen B.; Fraser, J. Alexander; Fraser, Clare; Katz, Bradley J.; Lawlor, Mitchell; Petzold, Axel; Sibony, Patrick A.; Warner, Judith E. A.; Wegener, Marianne; Wong, Sui; Hamann, Steffen

doi:10.1097/wno.0000000000000585

Cited by 154 publications

(195 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…; Malmqvist et al. a). About 77% of ODD were considered deep, in harmony with 60% assessed by Friedman et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…1500 lm) possibly excluding small ODD that were not present in the single section examined. Only evaluating one section per nerve was a limitation during the description of ODD as we know from OCT studies that ODD change in size, location and appearance in neighbouring scans (Malmqvist et al 2018a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…b), can contribute to a prelaminar crowding phenomenon; axons are compressed and subsequently swell, and nerve tissue is displaced causing the presence of localized peripapillary axonal distension (LPAD) – on optical coherence tomography (OCT) seen as peripapillary hyperreflective ovoid mass‐like structures (PHOMS) (Malmqvist et al. a,c).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and histopathological signatures of optic disc drusen based on microscopy of 1713 enucleated eyes

Skougaard

Heegaard

Malmqvist

et al. 2019

Acta Ophthalmologica

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Purpose Optic disc drusen (ODD) are calcified optic nerve head deposits. Objectives of this study were to examine the prevalence of ODD in eyes removed by enucleation and to describe related histopathological signatures of ODD and surrounding tissues. Methods The study was a retrospective observational case series study assessing and re‐evaluating enucleated eyes in Denmark from 1980 to 2015 by microscopy. Individual ODD were described based on size, number and location (superficial and/or deep) within the optic nerve. Optic nerve heads with ODD were assessed for elevated discs, retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness, oedematous axons and presence of localized peripapillary axonal distension (LPAD) equivalent to the peripapillary hyperreflective ovoid mass‐like structures seen on optical coherence tomography. Results Microscopy of 1713 eyes revealed ODD in 31 eyes equivalent to a prevalence of 1.8%. Optic disc drusen (ODD) were seen as circular shapes of different sizes and varying number. Elevated discs were present in 15 (54%) of the cases. Thickening of the superficial RNFL was present in eyes with large deeply located ODD. For more superficial ODD of approximately same size, the RNFL was thinner. Oedematous axons were present in three eyes. Localized peripapillary axonal distension (LPAD) was seen in five eyes. Conclusions Prevalence of ODD in this study of histopathological signatures was higher than the prevalence found in clinical studies. Our results suggest that large, deep ODD might cause crowding and herniation of axons in the optic nerve head leading to a thickened superficial nerve fibre layer, pseudopapilledema and LPAD.

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“…; Malmqvist et al. a). About 77% of ODD were considered deep, in harmony with 60% assessed by Friedman et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prevalence and histopathological signatures of optic disc drusen based on microscopy of 1713 enucleated eyes

Skougaard

Heegaard

Malmqvist

et al. 2019

Acta Ophthalmologica

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“…A critical appraisal regarding this description has however been raised (Slotnick & Sherman 2012b;Malmqvist et al 2017a). It is more likely that these structures represent disruption of retinal layers caused by local axoplasmic build-up, as they are also found in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (Malmqvist et al 2017a) and optic nerve tumours (Lee et al 2015). It is more likely that these structures represent disruption of retinal layers caused by local axoplasmic build-up, as they are also found in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (Malmqvist et al 2017a) and optic nerve tumours (Lee et al 2015).…”

Section: Optical Coherence Tomography (Oct)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study by Birnbaum et al (2016) found an extraordinarily high ODD prevalence (19%) in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension. In a recent consensus report from the Optic Disc Drusen Studies (ODDS) Consortium, peripapillary hyperreflective ovoid mass-like structures, termed PHOMS, were seen on OCT in 28 of 38 patients with ODD (Malmqvist et al 2017a). Optic disc drusen (ODD) are however occasionally found within these structures (Lee et al 2013;Traber et al 2017) which supports the theory that ODD develop as a result of disturbances in axonal flow caused by axonal compression (Spencer 1978).…”

Section: Optical Coherence Tomography (Oct)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optic disc drusen: understanding an old problem from a new perspective

Hamann

Malmqvist

Costello

2018

Acta Ophthalmologica

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104

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Optic disc drusen (ODD) are acellular deposits located in the optic nerve head of up to 2.4% of the population. They may develop as by-products of impaired axonal metabolism in genetically predisposed individuals, in whom a narrow scleral canal is hypothesized to play a role. Although ODD are often considered as benign innocent bystanders, recognized as part of a routine ophthalmological examination, the vast majority of patients with ODD have visual field defects. Optic disc drusen (ODD)-associated complications with severe visual loss, most often due to anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy, are also known to occur. There are no treatments available to prevent or ameliorate the vision loss caused by ODD. In children, the ODD are usually uncalcified and buried within the optic nerve head tissue. In these cases, the condition can be difficult to diagnose, as it often resembles a papilloedema with optic nerve head swelling caused by raised intracranial pressure. During the teenage years, the ODD progressively become more calcified and probably also larger, which allow them to be visible on ophthalmoscopy. With the advent and proper utilization of high-resolution modalities of optical coherence tomography (OCT), it has now become possible to detect even the smallest and most deeply located ODD. This allows for ODD detection at a much earlier developmental stage than has previously been possible and enhances the possibilities of research in underlying mechanisms. A review of the literature on ODD was conducted using the PUBMED database. The review focuses on the current knowledge regarding pathogenesis, diagnostics, clinical disease-tracking methodologies, structure-function relationships and treatment strategies of ODD.

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Asymptomatic Papilledema in a 64-Year-Old Man

Kisilevsky

Margolin

2020

JAMA Ophthalmol

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The Optic Disc Drusen Studies Consortium Recommendations for Diagnosis of Optic Disc Drusen Using Optical Coherence Tomography

Abstract: The ODDS Consortium recommendations are important in the process of establishing a reliable and consistent diagnosis of ODD using OCT for both clinicians and researchers.

Cited by 154 publications

References 33 publications

Prevalence and histopathological signatures of optic disc drusen based on microscopy of 1713 enucleated eyes

Prevalence and histopathological signatures of optic disc drusen based on microscopy of 1713 enucleated eyes

Optic disc drusen: understanding an old problem from a new perspective

Asymptomatic Papilledema in a 64-Year-Old Man

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